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SOUTH-ATLANTIC BLOCKADING SQUADRON, 

EJVOCM G. TASI^OTT, 

Commander. ■ 



B^. L. HOWISOJV, 

Lieut, d ^x. Officer 



EHANCIS MCCARTKX, 
1876. 







ON THE BLOCKADE. 



Tlie '-Augusta" had been formerly a Merclrmi St,. .. 

;:■: « '-:"-- «-^- ^-^-. -<• «-'«nn„„/a:"":s:„!!:;;:; 

l'n«-r,.,.ocl, .nd cm-ned „ B.tto,,- of Ton (U,) i,eav>- ,„„.. 
•' 88 pound broadside o-u„s 
i 100 pound Parrott (rifled). 
■2 30 

1 ^0 pound Dalb-ren (rifled) and .overall 
l">at and shore service. 



louir.zei-s for 



The Augusta, participated in the capture of the following 
ve^ols: Cheshire, Island Belle, Secesh, Major Willis. Cnmhrh:; 
1 nncess Eoyal. and several others. 

To the crew of the Augusta, was assigned the dutv of 
..nking the Stone-fla.t in the cluannel of Charleston harbor. 
y '. ' ' ' 

t. k ; ' " ^.V oi'der of 

, ^ klQUY Admiral FRANCIS 8. DUPONT, 

Commanding South-Atlantic Blockading Squadron. 



■i 

I 



\hk,\ 



i/^H 






I»IIEFA.CE, 



« ,nUoc,ucu,g this HtOe wo.i to ^y Mends and the public, 
do no fear criticsm, as my object has simply been to lay before 
them a few pleasing and interesting reminiscences of .early seven 
years in the V^ S. Navy, uei to 1864. lS7o to 1878 

3Iy description of places and events are necessarily somewhat 
toel-bnti trust on that account none the less interesting, as 
they are confined to fac<« merely, and are derived from the best 
authenticated sources only. 

I |lo not attach any pecuniary value to this undertaking, but it 
has been throughout my earnest wish m these few sketches to 
exate a imd and sympathetic interest among my feUow voyages 
across the trackless ocean, and enable them by this mean, to 
-era some of our adventur-es to the .<01d Folks at Home " 
Trnstmg my endeavors to please may be crowned with success. 

I am your obedient servant, 

F. McCai-ten. 




^ 



CRUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 



IIAMPTOiV ROADS. 

The Augusta left New York, October 1861, for Hamptou Roads, where 
an expedition was fitting out under command of Brig. General T. W. 
Sherman. The expedition was to sail to its destination under convoy of a 
naval squadron, commanded by Commodore Dupont, The fleet consisted 
of eighteen men-of-war and thirty-eight transporta»_J3^he transports w&re_: 
ordered to move in three columns, in the iea#-of tlieH»- armed protectors. 
The sailing vessels were to be towed by the steamers. Surf boats were 
provided, sufficient to land three or four thousand men at once._Six 
hundred sailors were selected to managethe boats. ^:;^ 

• ^ 
OFF CAPE HATTERAS 

On Tuesday, Oct'jber 29th, the squadron put tO-sea,_none but the com- 
manding officers knowing wheather it was boundrWhen three days out, and 
off Cape llatteras, we encountered a terr^lc gaife, wnTch so utterly dispersed 
the fleet, that on Saturdaj' morning, from the deck of the " Augusta," the 
Flag-ship Wabash only was in sight. The, next da.^ the gale abated, and the 
ships began to reappear. As they came together, they had many disasters to 
report. The gun-boat Isaac Smith, to escape from foundering, was compell- 
ed to throw overboard a valueable battery. The transport Peerlkss, in a 
sinking condition, succeeded in placmg her people on board the Mohican. 
The steamer Govobneb went down, after the Sabine had, by heroic exert- 
ions, saved all on board. On Monday, Xovember the 4th, the Wabash, 
Augusta, and twentj'-three others, came to anchor outside the bar at Port 
Royal, a magnificent harbor, on the South Carolina coast, about fifty miles 
south of Charleston. 

PORT ROYAL. 

The rebels had removed all the buoys from the channel. The little 
Surveying steamer Vixen, immediately went to work and buoyed out the 
channel. That night all the light-draught vessels were anchored inside the 
bar. A few rebel steamers under Com. Tatnall, aj^pearing in sight, the 
gun-boats opened upon them, and chased them imdev the guns of a battery 
which guarded the entrance of the harbor. The mouth of the harbor called 
Broad River, is about two and a half miles wide. Upon the south shore 
which is called Hilton Head, there was a formidable battery of twenty-thrte 
guns. On the north shore, which is called Bay Point, there was two batteries 
one mounting fifteen and the other four guns. 

The outside bar was two miles wide, and in crossing it at high tide the 
keel of the Wabash would come within a foot of the bottom. The passage 



CRUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 



of this frigate over the bar was watched with intense anxiety, and when the 
feat was accomplished, cheers burst from the whole fleet. The other laige 
ships immediately followed, and at once prepared for action. But a rising 
gale, and other unavoidable causes of detention, rendered it necessary to de- 
lay the assault, upon the forts until the next day. It was however, judged 
best to send out a reconnoissance of a few gun-boats, to draw the fire of the 
batteries, that their situation and strength might be ascertained. 

EECONKOITERING. 

Early Tuesday morning, the tug-boat Mercury ran along the ^and 
beach skirting Hilton Head. One or tAvo other armed vessels ^^re creeping 
cautiously along the suspicious shores. It was a beautiful morning, tl.e 
serene sky, the mirrored bay, and the soft, luxuriant outline of the land 
presented an aspect of rare loveliness. For an hour the sail seemed to he 
but a delightful pleasure excursion. But about half past seven the batteries 
on Hilton Head and Bay Point opened upon the adventurous explorers, and 
for two hours there was a fierce conflict, our object was to ascertain the 
position of the rebel batteries, and the number and weight of their guns. 
Com. Tatnall, now a rebel oflScer, but had grown gray in our service, led 
his fleet of rebel gun-boats, against the flag he should have defended with 
his life. The object of the reconnoissance having been attained, a signal 
from the flag-ship recalled the gnn-boats. 

The rebels, seeing our vessels retire, thought they were defeited, though, 
in reality, they had not received the slightest harm. The petty little fleet of 
rebel gun-boats followed them, when two or three of our gun-boats turned 
and hurled upon them such volleys of shot and shell, that they wheeled 
about and scampered back into the creeks, which excited a general burst of 
laughter. 

On Wednesday, for some unexplained reason, no attack was ordered, 
and though doubtless vigorous preparations were beiu g made for the great 
battle, the day seemed to be passed in inaction. The morning of Tluirsday 
dawned beautiful and clear, and as mild as the most balmy day in June. 
The groves, on the shore, were vocal with the songs of birds, and butterflit s 
were flitting about through the rigging of the ships. The scene presented as 
the sun rose from the wave, was one of the most charming whicli can be 
imagined. The placid bay, the luxuriaut shores, the distant ocean, the 
frowning forts, the majestic frigates and war steamtrs, scowling defiance 
upon the foe we were about attacking, and the fleet of defenseless 
transports anchored at a safe distance, upon whose deck and rigging an 
army of flf teen thousand men were clustered, waiting for the opening of 
one of the sublimest tragedies of war — all this presented a panorama of life 
and beauty, such as few eyes have beheld. 



GEUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 



hlSE OF BATTLE. 



The plan of the battle was admirable iu its simplicity aud efficiency. 
The ships, forming in line steamed iu a circle very slowly, each one as it 
entered the mouth of the river, about two and a half miles wide, delivering 
incessant broadsides upon Fort Beauregard, aud the battery on Bay Point, 
aud as it turned and came out upon the other shore, pouring the same dead- 
ly volleys into Fort AValker upon Hilton Head. This circle was about two 
and a half miles in its longest diameter, and three-quarters of a mile in its 
shortest. There were fifteen ships comprising this circle, mounting in all 
145 heavy guns. 

THE BALL OPENED. 

It was a beautiful sight as this fleet swept into line, so silent, soon to 
burst into the loudest thunders, and the most desolating storm of war. This 
wicked rebellion has often arrayed brother against brother, and father 
a'gainst son. In this case brother was arrayed against brother. 

At lU o'clock the action commenced, the first three shots being fired 
from the rebel fort upon the flag-ship which led the advance. The tremend- 
ous response of the Wabash consisted ot two entire broadsides from he 
iwo batteries of twenty-six guns each, and from her pivot gun. She steam- 
ed along as slowly as possible, only fast enough to give her steerage way 
These immense guns were loaded and fired each one every minute. Fifty- 
three guns a minute, for twenty minutes, was the incessant peal from that 
one ship alone. But the other ships following on, came gradually into 
range and opened their fire. The ships ran within five hundred yards of the 
batteries, and threw their shot and shell with a force which would make 
them efficient at a distance of two and a half miles. 
DISMOUNTING THEIR GUNS. 
Many of the enemies guus were large columbiads, throwing one hund- 
red and thirty jiound shot. In less than twenty minutes, three of these 
cannon were dismounted. By the plan of attack seven or eight vessels were 
ablH to i)Uy upon the rebel batteries at the same time, each commencino- as 
soon as it arrived within three-fourths of a mile of the forts, and continu- 
ing until thrf'e-fourths of a mile beyond. The fleet of Josiah Tatnal, had 
ahea.ly been treated so roughly by the few gun-boats which conducted the 
reconnoissance, and was so appalled by the tremendous fire of the whole 
fleet, that it ran away inio the distant inlets. When the whole of our fleet 
was in operation, fifty of the most terrible projectiles, round shot and shell 
fell upon each of the forts, as the ships passed every minute. As each ship 
held the fort for twenty minutes within its range every time the line came 
around, which was at very short intervals, 400 of these projectiles fell upon 
the fort.-. 



6 (1UI8K OF THK AUGUSTA. 

The explosiou of oue of tlies^e t^bells in the midst of a group of men is 
Huful bej'ond description. The fragments are hurled in all directions, tearing 
perhaps a score of human bodies to pieces, and hurling the remains, ming- 
led with earth and guns through the air. When a 32-pound shot strikes a 
man but little of him ^-emains. Even the concussion of the air, when such a 
shot passes near, knocks one down. 

After a short time, while the main body of the fleet continued to move 
in its circle, four of the gun-boats were sent to a position where they could 
rake Fort Walker. The gun-boat Pocahontas, Capt. Percivl Drayton, 
now came in from sea, on hearing the bombardment, and took his position 
to sweep Fort Walker with his guns, though his brother was in command 
(if tliat fortificdtiou. 

CEASE FIRING. 

A little after noon the signal '• cease firing " was made from the flag- 
ship, and the steamers swept beyond the reach of the batteries to rest the 
men and give them some refreshments, before returning to their exhausting 
work. On board the Augusta we "spliced the main-brace" snatched a 
a hard-tack and returned to our quarters. The rebel fleet, and several other 
steamers crowded with spectators, that came down from Charleston to wit- 
ness the defeat of our vessels, lay silently watching the movements of our 
fleet, when the author of this sketch by permission of his superior ofHcer 
trained his gun a rifled howitzer stationed on the forecastle, and having 
removed the elevation screw so as to give the gun extreme elevation 
ftred, and after waiting for several seconds had the pleasure of seeing it drop 
right in the midst of the rebel fleet, which caused them to scatter in all 
directions amidst shouts of laughter from the whole fleet. 

The perfect confidence with which the rebels had commenced the fight 
was suddenly changed to utter consternation. The bolts of death fell upon 
them so mercilesslj' and incessantly, that in mortal terror, simultaneously 
they droped their arms and fled, leaving everything behind them— their 
coats which they had thrown off, their watches, their money, cosily swords 
— all the treasures of the camp. 

THE FLIGHT. 

The flight of the garrison was seen by the tliousands who crowded the 
transports, and a shout of delight arose, even louder than the voices of the 
artillery, Capt. Rogers, from the Wabash, was sent with a flag of truce to 
the shore, to ascertain if the flight were real or a feint. The fort was found 
entirely deserted not a living being in it. The Stars and Stripes weie 
immediately run up upon the ramparts, thus announcing to the fleet that 
the insulted Goverment, in its majesty, had again planted its foot upon the 
soil of rebellious South Carolina. 



CRL'tSE OF THE AUGUSTA. 



The firing ceased, cheers of almost frantic joy burst again and again 
from thousands of lips; the bands on the various ships pealed forth, over 
the still waters, the imposing strains of Yankee Doodle and the Star 
Spangled Banner. The action lasted five hours. 

LANDING THE TROOPS, * 

Measures were immediately adopted for landing the soldiers. The 
Connecticut 7th, in twenty-seven large boats, were pulled to the beach, and 
almost at the same instant 1.046 men .sprang upon the beach. Pickets were 
thrown out in all directions, a double guard set, and every precaution 
adopted against surprise. But the terror stricken rebels had fled, with no 
thought but to escape from the terrible bombardment. Their tents, outside 
the fort, were were filled with luxuries. One of the soldiers found $1,000 in 
gold and silver. In the forts and batteries there were about 1,800 men. The 
guns were found to be mostly 130 pound columbiads, of admirable finish, 
and the forts weie on the most appro ved plan of military engineering. The 
whole Ipnd force of the expedition was soon transferred to the shore, and 
the fortifications, on both sides of the river, were seized and garrisoned by 
our troops. An act of treachery, was here discovered. The rebel flag at Bay 
Point, which fort the rebels left quite deliberately when the found that 
Fort Walker was taken, was fixed as a snare, so that, when our men should 
atfenipt to haul it down, it would explode a percussion cap, which would 
fire the magazine. By some accident the train of powder had been broken. 
And though the cap exploded and fired the train, the interupted commu- 
nication with the magazine saved hundreds from destruction. Nearly all 
the rebels escaped, twenty-five only were taken prisoners, who were sick in 
the hospitals. 

Fifty large cannon, three hundred muskets, the entire camp equipage 
of three regiments, fell, with the forts, into our hands. Our loss was but 
eight killed and twenty-five wounded. The loss of the rebels 120 killed and 
lOO wounded. 

The Augusta had been during the fight a conspicuous target for the 
rebel guns. She was struck several times in the hull and rigging. The 
Wabash was struck twenty-five times. The Bienville was struck five 
times. The Pknguin was struck upon the steam chest and disabled, she 
was taken in tow by the Augusta. All the ships were more or less wound- 
ed. The rebels had probably no ideajhat our ships would venture up to 
the very muzzles of their guns, and their guns were accordingly sighted for 
a range of one or two miles. The most of their shot passed through the 
rigging. And when the bombardment commenced, and shells were rained 
down upon the forts nt the rate of fifty a minute, the confusion was too 
great to admit of careful aim. 



CRUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 



Our ships were kept continually in motion Probably there was never 
an engagement of such magnitude, where a fleet was exposed to so heavy a 
lire, with so slight a loss. When we reflect that the immense columbiads of 
the rebels were in such a position, that fifty could be brought to bear upon 
each ship, it does seem strange that any one of the fleet could have escaped 
destruction. 

Among the incidents of the battle, a hundred and thirty pound shot? 
after ricochetting four times, bounded directly over the Bienville, and 
Ijlunged into the Augusta. William Steele, a boy fourteen years of age, 
served at one of the guns, as •' powder monkey," with composure whicli 
excited astonishment, never flinching or dodging » shot. And when tv. o 
men fell dead, torn to pieces at the gun, he stepped carefully over tiie 
bodies, and contiuued in the discharge of his duty as if nothing had 
happened. Thomas Jackson, coxwaiu of the Wabash, had his leg torn off, 
80 that it hung only by a small portion of the muscle and skin. Deliberately 
lie took out his knife, and endeavoured to cut the limb off. The knife wa.> 
.•o dull that, though he sawed manfully, he could not sever the liujb. lie was 
laken below, and died in two hours, saying that he was happy to suffer for 
I lie " dear old flag." 

From our whole fleet, 3,500 shot and shell were thrown into and upon 
the forts. It had been carefnlly estimated that the average value of each 
shot delivered at the forts was eight dollars. The whole cost of the five 
hours' fight was about S 28,000, and the whole money cot^t to the Govermeut 
could not have been less than five million of dollar:?. 

The Army was put in possession of Port Royal, where it remained to 
the close of the war, in inaction, and was used as a refugee cunip, thousands 
of negro's flocked to this point, and was kept in idleness, at the expense 
of the Goverment, school teachers were sent from the New-England States, 
to t ducate those freed slaves. 

This victory created the wildest enthuiasm throughout the North. The 
national flag had been planted on the traitorous soil of South Carolina, 
never to be displaced till every stronghold of the state was in our possession. 
Our ill-successes on land thus far had been a cause of deep mortification, 
and this first great essay of the navy recalled to mind tiie halo of glory it 
hung around the nation during the first year of the second war with 
England, when successive defeats on land made the i^eople's cheeks crimson 
with shame. Whenever one met a naval man the eye of the latter brighten- 
ed, and with a proud shake of the head he would say, " I told you how it 
would be when the ' blue jackets' got a chance." " Ah ^e are all t-ure of the 
navy," was the common remark. It is said that Commodore Barron, then a 
prisoner in Fort Warren, when he read a descrijjton of the fight, and how 
gallantly his old ship, the Wabash, bore herself, forgot he was a rebel 
prisoner, and exclaimed, "By heavens! our navy can beat the world." 



CKUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 



luinied lately after the capture of Port Roj-al, the Augusta was ordered 
to blockade the entrance to the Savannah River. While lying off this place 
we captured the ship Cheshire of Liverpool, while tryiug to run the 
blockade. 

TYBEE ISLAND. 

In the month of November, we made a reconnoissance in the direction 
of Tj-bee Island, at the mouth of the Savannah river, as a preliminary to 
the reduction of Fort Pulaski, which commands the approaches to Savannah 
Georgia. Savannah is one of the most beautiful of the Southern Cities, con- 
taining a population of about 6,000 whites and 6,000 slaves. Tybee Island, 
is a low, barren expanse of sand ridgee, about eight miles long and six wide. 
At the northern extremity of the island there is a light-house and what is 
called Martello Tower, supposed to one of those massive circular structures 
of masoniy, such as the English scattered so profusely along their coasts to 
guard against t id threatned invasion by Napoleon, but in reality was 
built of mud and tea-^helL'•. On the 25th, of November, the Augusta, Flag, 
and Pocahantas, got under weigh ami steamed in the direction of Tybee 
Island, and commenced throwing shell in the direction of the battery with- 
out receiving any response. Immediately Captain Pavrott, of the Augusta, 
hoist the signal ''arm & equip boats." The boats were lowered and manned 
and immediately pulled for the beach, where we were drawn up in line of 
battle on the shore, and the order given to " charge," up the beach we went 
in the direction of the fort, on arriving there we found it entirley deserted. 
It has often been remarked that as soon as a company of sailors land on the 
beach, it is pretty hard to keep them together, after the order " charge " i- 
given. In less time than it takes to tell it, they were scattered in all direct- 
ions all over the island, the woods, dwellings, light-house and every place 
where a rebel might be lurking were searched in vain. While one of my 
Companions and myself were exploring the light-house, and on reaching the 
top, found the tlag-staff still remained, but the halyards w:is imrove. I went 
immediately and procured a flag from one of our boats ami bent it on to a 
long pole and succeeded in placing it out of the upper window, when cheer 
after cheer went up from our men all over the island, in sight of Pulnski, 
who opened fire on us. 

Fort Pulaski is situated at the mouth of the river, on a siiijill island 
called cockspur, and perfectly commands the approaches in every direcli( n. 
The rebels felt that they had at least one fort, Pulaski, which whs iiniiregr- 
able. Our men immediately commenced throwing up intienc-lmients, and 
mounted one of our guns on the tower. A guard was kept on slioie night 
and day until the army under Geu. Gillmove, arrived from Port Royal, ai:d 
took possession nf the islnnd. which af evwards reduced Fort I'ula^ki. 



01 CRUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 

Just twelve months to a day, from the time when the rebels took 
possession of Sumter, Pulaski, surrendered to the Union forces under Gen. 
Hunter and Com. Rodgers, of the W abash. Three hundred and eighty-three 
prisoners. The rebel officers surrendered their swords to Major Halpine, 
(Private Miles O'Reilly.) 

The Augusta -was ordered to the blockade off Charleston, S. C, where 
her crew was engaged in sinking the "stone fleet" in the channel, and after 
taking off their crews, and saving everything that could be of any value 
to the Goverment; and also having on board a number of prisoners, taken 
from blockade runners, we proceeded to Philadelphia. After receiving some 
alight repairs, and an addition to our battery, we left for Hampton Road?, 
in the month of Feb. where an Expedition was fitting out under Gen. B. F. 
Butler, and the brave old warrior Farragut, in his flag-ship the Hartford -a 
vessel destined to assume a prominent place in this little book, and second 
to none in the annals of history, not even excepting the old "Constitution." 
The place of rendezvous was Ship Island, at which we arrived in seventeen 
days. The Augusta was not the class of vessel which Farragut wanted for 
reducing the batteries on the Mississippi, being too great a target f<n' the 
enemies guns. She was then ordered back to Charleston, and on the passage 
North, called at Havana, and Key West, received information of the capture 
of the steamship Ariel, by the Alabama. We were immediately sent out in 
search of the Pirate, and also to conviy two steamers from Aspinwall, to 
New York, the "America," and "Champion." Having performed this duty we 
returned to the blockade of Charleston, where we remained until the morn- 
ing of January 31. I&63. 

ENGAGEMENT WITH THE REBEL RAMS. 
At about 4 25 this morning, two iron clad rams, from Charleston, in the 
obscurity of a thick haze, and the moon having just set, succeeded in pass- 
ing the bar, near ship channel, unperceived by the squadron, and made an 
attack upon the Mercedita. Her Captain says: 

At 3 A. M., we had slipped cable and overhauled a troop steamer, run- 
ning for the channel by mistake. At 4, 1 laid down. L>eut. Commander 
Abbott was on deck giving orders to Acting Master Dwyer about recoveiing 
the anchor, when they saw a smoke and the faint appearance of a vessel 
close at hand. 1 heard them exclaim, "She has black smoke;" watch, "man 
the guns," "spring the rattle," " call all hands to quarters." Mr. Dwyer 
came to the cabin door, telling me a steamboat was close aboard. I was then 
in the act of getting my pea jacket, I sang out, "train your guns right on 
him and be ready to fire as soon as I order." 1 hailed "Steamer ahoy! Steer 
clear of us and heave-to. What steamer is thatP" Then ordered my men 
■' Fre on him." Told him, " You will be into us. What Mteamer is that?' His 



CKUISE Ob' THE AUliUSTA. U 



answer lu first or second hail was "Hallo!" The other replies were indistinct, 
either by intention or from being spoken inside of his mail armor, until in 
the act of striking us with his prow, when he said. " This is the Confeder- 
ate States steam ram." I repeated the order, "Fire! Fire! " but no gun could 
be trained on him, as he approached on the quarter, struck us just abaft 
our aforemost 32-pound gun, and fired a heavy rifle through us diagonally, 
penetrating the starboard side through our Normandy condenser, the steam- 
drum of port boiler, and exploding against port side of ship, blowing a hole 
in its exit some four or five feet square. 

The vessel was instantly filled and enveloped with steam, Reports 
wpre brought to me, "Shot through both boilers," " fires put out by steam 
and water,"' "gunner and one man killed, and a number of men fatally 
scalded, water over fire-room floor, vessel sinking fast." " The ram has cut 
us through at and below the water-liue on one side, and a shell has burst at 
the other almost at water-edge." 

After the ram struck, she swung aound under our starboard counter, 
her prow touching, and hailed, "Surrender, or I'll sink you! Do j'ou surren- 
der:"' And after receiving reports, 1 answered, " 1 can make no resistance; 
my boiler is destroyed." " Then, do yuu surrender?" I said, "Yes;" having 
found my moving power destroyed, and that I could bring nothing to bear 
but muskets against his shot-proof ccating. 

He hiiled several times to send a boat, and threatned to fire again. 
After some delay, a boat was lowered, and Lieut. Commander Abbott asked 
if he should go in her, and asked for orders what to say. I told him to ask 
what they demanded, and to tell him the condition we were in. 

He proceeded on board, and, according to their demand, gave his parole 
on behalf of himself and all the oflScers and crew. The ram having been de- 
tained half an hour or more, ran out for steamer Keystone State. The firing 
then receded to northward and eastward, and was pretty brisk at the head 
of the line. 

THE KEYSTONE STATE. 
The Keystone State, commanded by Le Eoy, was also disabled, and 
claimed as a prize by the rebels. The details of the fight thus given by her 
commander: 

Satisfied, from the view obtained through my night glasses, that (he 
steamer was a ram, I ordered the starboard bow gun fired at her, which was 
at once responded to by a shot from the stranger, when I ordered tlie 
starboard battery fired as soon as the guns could be brought to bear, putting 
the helm aport. On heading to the northward and eastward, disc )vered 
a ram on either quarter. Soon after the first gun, fire was reported forward 
below. After extinguishing it, fire was again reported in the same place, 
when the ship was kept off seaward to enable us to put out the fire and get 



IJ CRUISE UF THE AUGUSTA. 

things in a condition to attack the enemy. Odered full steam, and about 
daylight discovered black smoke and stood for it, for the purpose of run- 
ning her down, exchanging shots rapidly with her, striking her repeatedly, 
but making no impression, while every shot from her was striking us. About 
6.17 A. M., a shell, entering on the port side, forward of the forward guard, 
destroyed the steam chimneys, filling all the forward part of the ship with 
steam. The port boiler emptied of its contents, tlie ship gave a heel to star- 
board, nearly down to the guard, and the water from the boiler, and two shot 
-holes under water, led to the impression the ship was filling and sinking, 
a foot and a half of water being reported in hold. Owing to the steam, men 
were unable to get supplies of ammunition from forward. Ordered all boats 
ready for lowering. Signal-books thrown overboard, also some s uall arras. 
The ram being so near, and the ship helpless, and the men slaughtered by 
almost every discharge of the enemy, I ordered tlie colors to be haule<l 
down, but finding the enemy were still firing upon us, directed the colors f" 
l>e rehoisted and resume our fire from the aflor-battery. Now the enemy, 
either injured or to avoid the squadron approaching, sheered off towards 
ihe harbor. 

The Augusta had slipped her cable but lemained in lier position, all 
hands were to quarters, not even a whisper weie to be heard all through the 
ship. Now the haze began to clear away, and the dsiylipht fa,-l approaching, 
discovered black smoke and the ship ^^as headed in the directinn of the 
.stranger, taking her to be a blockade runner we headed for her with the 
intention of cutting her off Irum the channel, but on coming eh ser found 
her to be a ram, swung the ship amund and fired, our shots bounding off 
her like so many beans without doing her any in jury, while every shot she 
fired went clear through us, n.akiiig tlif splintert fly in all directions. One 
of our hundred-pound rifle shots struck her pilot-house carrying away the 
flpg-siatf. The other ram fired a few shots and ran in for the channel, we 
fnll.med as far as the depth of water would allow us. 

During all this time the Housatonic remained at anclmr, she being the 
only naval built vessel in the squadron, and would bt- like'y to give 
them a good brush, but did not engage them until they got in over the bar, 
then commenced firing at long range. 

Gen. Beauregard issued a pKulamalicn declaring tliR blockade destroj-- 
ed, and that foreign goverinpnt> .-li.iild >o n a-.wd it. Tlie iMniipoiis niiuiifes- 
1o wao not regarded by Cm. Diipout, and the iilockadf was continued. 
The New Iron-Sides, came from Port Royal that night, and tli. rr wa,- no 
more rams to be seen outside nf Smnler after that. 



CRUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 13 







■' ' .'-'■•jvit} , 

TbElRONrHGLABS, ATTACK OK SUMTEE. ' """ '""^''"''^'^ 
■•,.,..,,.,_,.,.,, '■ ' 'iiii yil tfiJiuj't 

;ii.f -J., i.e.! •., - . ■, ,,, .. ' ' '' '■ " ■ '-' ■ • - 'I'ff 

This fleet was coiaposea of nine vessels, and placed under^the command 

of Adiuiral Dupont. Having rendezvoused in Port Eoyal, and sailed from 

there on the 1st of April, 1863, to try the great experiment of, the_ century, 

and the next daj Arrived at Edisto. The water over Charleston bar not being 

of sufficient depth in ordinary times to float therp, the heavj' spring tides 

of April, was selected for the passage of the vessels. On Sunday morning 

at daybreak the fleet moved out to sea, and in a few hours lay off Charleston 

harbor. The next day Dupont transferred his flag to the Ironsides^ and the 

fleet, taking tbe Hood-tide, passed safely over the bar, and pame. to anchor 

inside. The wooden vessels lay outsidt- as a reserve. But just as everything 

was readj% a thick haze settled down over the water, obscuring the range, 

so that the attack had to be postponed. 

As tbe eye swept around that bristling harbor, it was cannon here, and 

there, and everywhere. In front, lay Sullivan's Islapd to the right, and 

Morris Island on the left, the two points curving in towards each other 

till they approached within a mile. Midway in the channel betwen ihem, 

built on an artificial island, stood Fort Sumter. Fort Moultrie, on Sullivan's 

Island, was opposite Sumter, while, above and below,, batteries were erected 

on every available point. On the left, opposite this, central fortress, stood 

battery Bee, on Cuminings-Point, while beyond, should the vesse's' ever get 

there, battery succeeded battery, clear up to the city, tlir^e miUv distan!. 

Stretching down towards tbe fleet were other italteriei^ on Mpi li.i Island, 

and among them Fort Wagner. The sight was eimugh to daunt the stoniest 

heart, for uncounted cannon lay shotted and aimed, ready to open on that 

little fleet. It was Dupont's purpose ti> ]i«s!- as quickly as possible up the 

channel, and get to the west and northwest of Fuvt Siiniter, which was 

known to be less impregnable than \he front face. , . 

c r r^ ^ u; ; jlii'.- 

At noon, the signal from the flag-sl)ii> tn moxe to tl^e attack was seen, 
a'iiti'tAie little fleet, looking like meie rafts on the water, steamed slowly 
forward. ' ''* yiuAttyii r' *' 



14 CKUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 

It was four miles to Fort Sumter, and the batteries of Morris Island 
commanded the whole distance. The Tessels had advanced but a short dis- 
tance before the Weehawken, leading the way with the strange machine in 
front, stopped, having got tangled up with the unweildy, novel thing. It 
took an hour to free herself, and then the fleet moved again. The fleet kept 
steadlj' on till opposite Fort Wagner, where they expected to meet the firet 
blow of the hurricane; but all its guns kept motionless and still in their 
places, and only curious eyes greeted the advancing vessels. Next they 
floated by Battery Bee, but silence like death reigned over the low works. 
Whit does all this mean? This silence is ominous, and shows a contidence 
in something yet to come that portends no good. Slill the fleet kept on; but 
just as the Weehawken was rounding-to to make the entrance of the harbor 
she came within the circle of fire from Forts Sumter and Moultrie. Then 
the crater opened from the top of Sumter, and down came a storm of shot 
and shell. Moultrie joined in, and thunder answered thunder with awful 
rapidity. The heavy metal fell like hailstones ou the Weehawken; but she 
kept steadly on towards her assigned position, followed by the whole fleet. 
But suddenly she stopped in the very vortex of the fire. She had run upon 
a hawser stretched from Sumter to Moultrie, buoyed up on casks, and 
strung with nets, cables, and topedoes. Her propeller, getting entangled in 
these, became unmanageable, and slie drifted helpless through the wild 
hurricane. The other vessels, as they came up, see the danger, and sheer ott' 
to try the channel on the other side of the fort. But here a row of piles is 
encountered, rising ten feet out of the water — while further up, the channel 
is crossed and recrossed with obstructions, backed by three iron-clads, that 
can hold those vessels under a fire that nothing that ever floated could sur- 
vive. To add to the perplexity, the Ironsides, in the heavy tide, suddenly 
refused to obey her rudder, and she drifted towards Fort Mt)ultrie, getting 
foul of the Catskiil and Nantucket in her passage. The plan of the battle 
was now irrecoverably gone, and Diipont signalled to the fleet to disregard 
his movements. It was therefore every one for himself; and then was to be 
seen what splendid commanders Dupont had to second hiui in this unprec- 
edented struggle. The gallant Rhiud, left to uct as he phased, lays the 
Keokuk boldly alongside of the fort as Ihough it were a ship, and with his 
little mouiter makes a broadside engagement of it. Close behind him comes 
Rodgers in the Catskiil, and, following hard after, the heroic Worden in 
the Montauk. A little further off lie the other vessels, all seeking to sound 
the full terrors of this awful abyss of fire. The gunners, at) ipped ti» their 
waists, and begrimed with powder and smoke, work their monstei guns 
with a coolness and rappidity that tells fearfully on the solid face of Sumter. 



CRUJSE OF THE AUGUSTA. 



Shot weighing four hundred and twenty pounds strike like heaven's own 
thunderbolts the tremblings structure, but they are nothing to the answering 
shots that fall faster than the forge's hammer on their sides. Nothing built 
with mortal hands could long live there, and in thirty minutes the Keokuk 
came limping out fast settling in the waters. She had only been able to fire 
three times during the short period he was exposed to the guns of the 
enemy, and was obliged to withdraw from the action to prevent his vessel 
from sinking, which event occurred the following morning. 

So unequal was the contest, which lasted less than forty minutes, that 
the entire fleet of iron-clads fired only one hundred and thirty-nine shots, 
though, during that same period, the enemy poured upon us an incessant 
storm of round-shot and shell, and rifle projectiles of all descriptions, and 
and red-hot shot. 

The whole affair was so palpable and complete a failure, that the Depart- 
ment dared not directly blane Duponi for not succeeding. Still, reluctant 
to acknowledge itself any way in fault, it reproached him for not saying 
beforehand, how impossible succeess was. The simple truth is, the Secretary 
of the Navy, -as well as the public generally, had come to have such a high 
opinon of the invulnerability of the iron-clads, that they considered 
Charleston as virtuallj' ours, the moment the attack commenced. But, 
instead of complete success, this irun-clad fleet, the first ever set afloat and 
tested, effected absolutely nothing. It was too mortifying to confess the 
fact, without puting the blame on some one, and so it was placed on the 
commander, Dupont. He felt this keenly, and indignantly denounced the 
injustice of it. 

In June Dupont was relieved from his command, and Admiral Foote 
ordered to take his place. The latter, however, was taken sick in New York, 
just as he was about to leave for his destination, and died. 

The sudden death of Admiral Foote compelled the Department to 
reverf-e its order of removal, and to direct Dupont to resume his command. 

.July fitli, The Augusta left Port Royal, for Phila. with Admiral Dupont 
on board, n.adp the passage in five days, nothing of interst occurring with 
lie exception of "'Splicing the Main-Brace" for the last time in the U. S. 
Vavy, having been abolished by an act of Congress, through the influence of 
a few Down Enst Fanatics aided by Admiral Foote. On arriving at New- 
Castle, Del., the home nf Dupont, we saluted and lowered his flag for ever. 

Diiivint was a superb man physically; of grand and imposing presence 
he trod the deck of his battle-ship like one of nature's noblemen. Even those 
arcnslonied 1o f-ee u't n of distinguhished personal appearance in various 
jiarts of the world, were stuck with the majesty and grandeur of his mien. 



''\i j-'y^prfjA MUX 4() Mfcti'i I 

16 CRUISE OF THE AUGUSTA. 

A gentleman of the old scheol, or rather a night of the olden time, his bear- 
ing was that of dignified com-tesy to all, and impressed every one that 
approached him with profound respect. Chivalrous in his own feelings, he 
he was incapable of wounding those of others, while he was keenly 
sensitive to any censure upon his conduct. Insensible to fear, he never 
shrunk from encountering' any danger, while he was too lofty and noble to 
rush into it to obtain rn^re notoriety. Master of his profession, he knew his 
duty better than the department that censured him, and experienced his 
greatest humiliation and suffering in performing it. Proud as he was sensit- 
ive, he could not brook unmerited rebuke. Irritated at his manly independ- 
ence, tlie ' GoVerm&f ' lost one' of its best officers by gratifying its spleen, 
and under the pretence of maintaining its dignity. Dupont's name however 
will live long after those who persecuted him are consigned to forgetfulness, 
or to an immortality worse than oblivion. 

The Augusta proceeded up the Del. to Phila, and on arriving there, 
found that" great excitement' 'j^revailed all through the Northern States, in 
consequence of threatned invasion' of Pennsylvania, by Gen. R. E. Lee, and 
rebel Privateers were making sad havoc among the Fishermen and Pilot 
bqats along the coast. The Augusta took in a supply coal and went out in 
search of the pirates. After an unsuccessful cruise along the eastern coast, 
we retuned to New York, where the ship was put out of commisston, and 
the crew got leave of absence for Ten days. This ended the cruise of the 
U. S. S. Augusta. 

f finimbA ban ,f>r ■ 



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3DE:SOIl.II»TI<31\r 



CRUISE 



ir^:4*^-^ 



WESTERN GULF BLOCKADING SQUADRON. 

,rAMES U. JOVUTT, 

Commander. 



HENRY J. SLEEPER, 

Ijieut. d ^x. Office?' 



CRUISE OF THE METACOMET. 19 



The " Metacomet " was put iu Commission at tlie Brooklj-u Navy Yard 
January 4th, 1864^ Captain James E. Jouett, Commanding, Henry J. Sleeper, 
Lieut. & Ex Officer. Was a double-ender, side-wheel, and was built expressly 
for river service. She was fitted with very jiowerful engines, and was con- 
sidered to be the fastest vessel of her class in the service. Carried a battery 
of six IX inch broadside, one hundred pound Parrott rifle, and four Brass 
Howitzers. 

Captain Jouett, had previously commanded the R. R. Cuyler, and had 
his crew detained on board the Receiving ship, until the Metacomet was 
ready for sea, he was heard to remark that, " he was going to do some 
fighting, and wanted a well-drilled ships' company." On Jan. the 4, the crew 
was transferred on board, and by request I was permitted to be one of their 
number. Immediately .after going on board, nearly all the crew got forty- 
eight hours liberty, returned on time, and left the Navy Yard ou the 26th, 
steamed down to Sandy Hook to adjust our compass, and left ne.xt morning 
for fi.ej' West, Had beautiful weather nearly all the passage. On Feb. the 
5th, at five o'clock in the morning when off Abico, in a thick fog, run into 
the U. S. gun-boat Tioga, carrying away the the greater part of her wheel- 
house and otherwise injured htr, that we liad to take her iu tow. At six 
0' clock p. M. repaired some slight damages, and proceeded on our way to 
Kej^ West, where we arrived Feb. Gth, took in a supplj' of coal, and left for 
New Orleans. Experienced very heavy weather on the passage. On the 
night of the 17th, carried away the fore Topmast, it was h^ld aloft by the 
rigging and the ship rolling heavly, swung athwartships, taking full charge 
of both sides of the deck. The boatswain's mate passed the word, " lay for- 
ward the watch and clear away the wreck," no one responded to his call, 
and no one would venture forward, he immediately reported this to the 
Captain, who was on deck at the time. lie procured a lantern and was in 
the act of going aloft himself, when he was met in the rigging by the 
writer, wlio had already been aloft, and let the fragment of topmast down 
on deck, when he growled something about me being a Landsman, and had 
no business going aloft without orders. All this time the storm was increase - 
ing, shipping heavy seas forward which ripped up some of the planks in 
the forward part of the deck, and carried away part of the wheelhouse. On 
the morning of the 20th, the gale had abated, and the sea quite calm, went 
to work to send down the remainder of the broken topmast. Arrived at 
Soulh-we.-t Pass on the 21st, and anchored off the city of New Orleans in 
the afternoon, the ship was hauled alongside tiie " Levee" to undergo some 
:epairs. 



20 CRUISE OF THE METACOMET. 

The boys being close to shore {»ot restless, and when nigbt came a great 
many of them improved their opportunity and took "French," some of them 
returned in a few hours, and the others determined to remain ashore all 
night but unfortunately eight of them fell into the hands of the Police 
and locked up for the night. Next morning Three of them were taken on 
board, the ship in the meantime, having hauled out into the stream, the 
boys upset the boat and gave them a ducking in the river, and came nea'ly 
drowning one of the policemen. On coming on board they demanded fifty 
dollars each for their prisoners. Capt. Jouett however, thought twenty-fiv^ 
dollars would pay them very well for their bath, which was accordingly 
paid them. 

Left New Orleans, March 2nd, for the blockade off Mobile, where we 
remained without anything of interst occurring until the 7lh. Our picket 
stationed in Swash Channel, discovered a steamer cominir out, they kept 
quiet until she pas^ed, and then fired a rocket in the direction she was 
going. The blockade runner saw our boat and went right out thnniah the 
fleet, going so close to the " Oneida" that they could throw a biscuit on 
hoard. The '• Richraonil " fired four shots at her with what effect is not 
known. Three of the gun-b(\ats chased her outside without success. 

March 20th, the little steamer Cowslip, created qui'e a co a u orion by 
reporting the rebel ram Tennessee, coming out to attack the fleet. Every- 
thing was put in readiness to recieve her. The fleet formed in line of battle, 
and some of us thought we were going to attack the fo)t>. About vpven 
o'clock this idea was dispelled, and we were orflt^red to our ancbnrasje 

April T^h, at half-past two o'clock in the morning, our picket-b at, dis- 
covered a large steamer coming in, about four miles from our vessel, we 
signalized to her, and pulled alongside, and in ten mnutes the ixiat was 
hoist, and then the chase commenced. The stranger bad now turned, and 
was stanling out to sea. It was now breaking dayligh', and we lost 
sight of her, this did not last long, in a short time we got sight of bpr a<rain, 
and headed for her. The Metacomet was now g"ing through the wa»er at a 
splendid rate. Capt. Jouett, sings out to the Engineer, to '• Shake her up," 
and bj' six o'clock had her in range of our guns. We commenced firiiirr at 
her with a 12 pound Howitzer, but she paid n-i attention to us whatever. 
We then tried another remedj', kept the ship off a couple of points and fired 
100 pound rifle, this bad the desired effect. They hiuled down the English 
flag they had run up at daylight, and came around. They then kept on run- 
ning towards us, (as they afterwards confessed) with the intention of 
running us down. Capt. Jouett saw this movement, and put a stop to it, by 
having a IX inch shell fired at them, which had the tendency of bringing 



CKLISK UF Tllli: MK'l'ACO.MK'l'. 21 

tliPiu to a full stop. We iuimediately lowered our boats and went on board 
and took possession of her, and transferred all her crew on board our ship. 
The name of our prize was the " Donegal," from Havana. From some of her 
crew we were informed that the steamer " Denby," another blockade runner 
was coming in the following night. As usual at dusk, the Metacomet took 
her station in close to the beach, sending out a picket boat about two miles 
to the eastward, and there waited the coming of the " Denby." About two 
o'clock A. M. she made her appearance coming at full speed, directly for the 
picket boat, the rocket was fired, which was the signal to all the fleet. The 
Denby getting .'^ight of our vessel altered her course and went for the ship 
channel. By this time all the fleet was underweigh. The night being very 
dark we could not tell friend from foe. By running up a light to the mast- 
head, she got inside before it was discovered that she carried a white light 
instead of a red one, and by this Ruse she escaped being captured. 

June the 29th, the steamer Glascow run a steamer ashore while trying 
to run the blockade. Next morning the gun-boats Pembina, Gennessee, and 
the sloop-of-war Monongahela, were sent in to destroy her. The shelled 
her until seven o'clock without much success. The Pembina came out, and 
the Metacomet took her place. We steamed in close to the beach, suddenly 
the rebels opened fire on us from a battery they had erected a few days pre- 
vious. We returned the fire so rapidly that in half an hour their firing 
ceased. We then fired a few shell at the steamer, and came out to breakfast. 
After breakfast we went in again and commenced shelling the steamer, 
thinking the battery silenced, we went in closer to the beach, when the 
battery again opened on us, their first shell bursting over our wheel-house, 
one of the pieces coming in through the port, tearing a piece of the shirt- 
collarof aman in the act of sighting a gun, going through the right side and 
coming out on the left of another man standing in his rear. He died in six 
hours afterwards. Fort Morgan, who had been silent all the morning, now 
opened on us, sending shot and shell all around us, one of which passed 
through the forcastle. We then came out to let our guns cool, and then 
went in again, this time going right up to the battery, and consentrated all 
our fire on it, and in less ihan an hour it was silent, and remained so for 
that day. Next morning at daylight, we went about twenty miles out to sea 
t)Y the purpose of burying the remains of Humphrey Fisher, who had been 
killed the day previous. When this ceremony was over, we returned to the 
fleet, and in a few minutes went in again and commenced shelling the 
steamer. The rebels then opened on us from Fort Morgan, and two other 
batteries, which we had not seen before, making it a little too hot for us, so 
we got out a little and commenced playing '' long tom." On the morning of 
July the 4th, drew all the shot out of the guns, for the purpose of firing a 
National Salute. In the evening went in again to shell the batteries. 



-- CHiish; i)b' ■riii; mktacomk'l 

Xext day was speut iu makiug piepiivaliuiif fur a l>Oiit expeiliiiuu to 
bum the steamer. Everything arrainged, the boats came aloiigsidu at six 
u'clock. Three boats from the Hartford, in charge ut' Lieut. Wataou, and oim 
from the Brooklyn, the whole iu command of our Capt. J. E. Jouett. About 
ten o'clock we started iu towards the steamer, and sent a boat to reconuoiter, 
Iu about half an hour the boat returned aud reported everything clear. The 
boats then pulled alongside the steamer and boarded her, spreading the 
turpen tine around the deck, and placing the powder under the Machinery 
set fire to her and jumpid into the boats. We had hardly got ou board when 
the rebels opened on us from the beach. This was the time which tested the 
courage of some of the young officers that accompanied this expedition. 
The Metacomet anchored uude;' the guns of Fort Morgan, in order to cover 
the boats. As soon as the match was put to the turpentine, it illuminated 
the whole bay, the glistening baynots of the sentinels on Fort Morgan, w»s 
plainly visible, aud the line of batteries en the beach, expecting ev«ry 
moment to be blown out the water. This was more than those young gantle- 
men could stand, and one of them forgot himself so far as to tell Capt- 
Jouett, that he ought to back out. One of the boats had not returned, and 
Capt. Jouett said he would not move an inch until every boat was alongside 
and every man safe on board. I dont think that any of those brave young 
gentlemen will ever care to accompany Capt. Jouett, on any more expedit- 
ions of this sort. The object of the expedition was to destroy the MachiEery, 
so that it could not replace »he old and worn out Machinery of some of the 
gun-loats inside the fort. 

In the meantime, Farragutt arrived and made a reconnoissance of the 
forts and batteries, and vessels commanding the entrance to Mobile, for the 
pupose of obtaining an accurate knowledge of their strength. Morgan aud 
Gaines were the chief forts barring it, aud he gives the following as the 
i-esults of his investigations: 

FARRAGUT'S REPORT TO NAVY DEPARTMENT. 

On the mornijig of the 20Lh I made a reconnoissance of Fort? Moigau 
and Gaines. The day was uncommonly fine and the air very clear. We were 
distant from the forts three ^3) miles, and could see everything distincly, so 
that it was "easy to verify the statement of the refugee Mcintosh, in respect 
to the number of guns visible on the bastions of the furt. I could count the 
guns and the men that stood by them; could see the piles that had been 
driven across from Fort Gaines to the channel opposite Fort Morgan — the 
object of "whiak is to force the ships to keep as close as possible to the 
latter. I am satisfied that if I had one iron-clad at this lime, 1 could destroy 
their whole force in ik© bay, and reduce the forts at my leisuie, by cooper 
atioD with our land forces — say fire thowwacl men. We must have about 
two thousand and five hundred men in the rwir of each fort, to make regular 



I'lILISK ol' T\\\: METACU-MKT. 23 

a[ii)V()Ucl)es liy land, ami lo prevent the gairisou's receiviug supplies aud 
reinforcements; the fleet to run the batteries, and fight the flotilla in the bay. 
But without iron-clads, we should not be able to fight the enemy's vessels 
of that class with much prospects of success, as the latter would lie on the 
flats where our ships could not go and destroy them. Wooden vessels can 
do nothing with them unless by getting within one or two hundred yards, 
so as to ram thein or pour in a broadside. 
A mouth later he says: 

1 fully understand and ajjpreciate my situation. The experience- I had 
of the fight between the Arkansas and Admiral Davis's vessels on the Miss- 
issippi, showed plainly how unequal the contest is between iron-clads and 
wooden vessels in loss of life, unless you succeed in destrojang the iron- 
clad. I therefore deeply regret that the Department has not been able to 
give us ONE of the many iron-clads that are off Charleston and on the 
Mississippi. I have always looked for the latter, but it appears that it takes 
us twice as long to build an iron-clad as any one else. It looks as if the con. 
tractors and the fates were against us. While the rebels are bending their 
whole energies to the war, our people are expecting the war to close by de- 
fault, and if they do not awaken to a sense of their danger soon, it will beso. 
Jkit be assured, sir, that the Navy will do its duty, let the issue come 
when it may, or I am greatly deceived, 

A few weeks subsequent to this he says: 

I ran in shore yeseerday, and took a good look at the iron-clad 
Tennessee. She flies the blue flag of Admiral Buchanan, She has four ports 
of a side, out of which she fights, I uudsrstand from the refugees, four 7- 
iach Brooks rifles, and two 19-iuch columbiads. She has a torpedo fiixture 
on the bow. Their four iron-clads and three wooden gun-boats made quite 
a formidable appearance. 

Thus the winter and spring wore away, aud mid -summer came before 
the preparations were completed for the contemplated attack. Farragut was 
at length informed that the iron-clad Tecumseh had arrived at Pensacola. 
there she was detained for want of coal, and had it not been for Captain 
Jenkins, of the Eichmoud, Craven said on his arrival, " God knows when 1 
should have got here." He worked incessantly to carry out Errragut's wishes 
and the latter, said of him, " He carries out the spirit of one of Lord Colling- 
wood's best sayings. 'Not to be afraid" of doing too much; those who are, 
seldom do as much as they ought.' " 

July 19th, The Metacomet left the blockade, for New Orleans, for the 
purpose of convoying two Monitors from that port to Mobile. Crossed the 
bar at the mouth of the river at 6 30 A. m. and arrived at the foot of Canal 
street at 3 o'clock p. m. This was considered quick time against a five or 
six knot current. 



On the 29th, left New Orltaus for Mobile, acting as consort to the iron- 
clad Chickasaw. Arrived at the blockade on the 3lst, and was imiuediatley 
ordered to Ship Island, for the monitor Winnebago, which had been towed 
there by the Tennessee. 

In the meantime Farragut issued the following General Order: 
FARRAGUT'S GENERAL ORDER. 

" Strip yom- vessels and prepare for the conflict. Send down all your 
superfluous spars and rigging. Trice up or remove the whiskers. Put up 
the splinter-nets on the starboard side, and barricade the wheel and steers- 
men with sails and hammocks. Lay chains or .sand-bags on the decks over 
the Machinery, to resist a plunging fire, Hang the sheet-chains over the side, 
or make any other arrangements for security that your ingenuity may 
suggest. Laud your starboard boats, or lower and tow them to the port 
side, and lower the port boats down to the water's edge. Place a leadsman 
and the pilot in the port-quarter boat, or the one most convenient to the 
commander. 

The vessels will run past the forts in couples, lashed side by side, as 
hereinafter designated. The flag-ship will lead, and steer from Sand Islund 
N. by E. by compass, until abreast of Fort Morgan; then N. W. half N. until 
past the Middle Ground; then N. by W.; and the others, as designated in 
the drawing, will follow in due order, until ordered to anchor; but the bow 
and quarter line must be preserved, to give the chase-guns a fair range; 
and each vessel must be kept astern of the broadside of the next ahead. 
Each vessel will be kept a very little on the starboard quarter of his next 
ahead, and when abreast of the fort will keep directly astern, and as we 
pass the fort will take the same distance on the port-quarter of the next 
ahead, to enable the stern guns to fire clear of the next vessel astern. 

It will be the object of the Admiral to get as close to the fort as possible 
before opening fire; the ships, however, will open fire the moment the 
enemy opens upon us, with their chase and other guns, as fast as thej' can 
be brought to bear. Use short fuses for the shell and shrapnel, and as soon as 
within three or four hundred yards, give the grape. It is understood that 
heretofore we have fired too high; but with grape-shot it is necessary 'o 
elevate a little above the object, as grape will dribble from the muzzle of 
the gun. If one or more of the vessels be disabled, their partners must cany 
them through, if possible; but if they cannot, then the next astern must 
render the required assistance; but as the Admiral coDtemplates moving 
with the flood-tide it will only require sufiicent power to keep the crippled 
vessels in the channel. 

Vesels that can, must place guns upon the poop and topgallant fore- 
castle, and in the tops on the starboard side. Should the enemy fire grape, 
they will remove the men from the topgallant forecastle and poop to the 



CRUISE OF THE METACOMET. 2r> 

guns below, out of grapp range. The howitzers must keep up a constant fin- 
from the time they can reach with shrapnell until out of its range. 

0. G. FARRAUT, 
Rear Admiral, Cominandirig W. G. B. Squadron." 

On tlie morning of August 2, we left the blockade for Pensacola, where 
we took on board a number of sand-bags, for the purpose of puting around 
the machinery, and making other neccessary preparations for passing tiio 
forts. 

Left Pensacola at Ten o'clock on the morning of the 4th, in company 
with the steamer Bienville and monitor Tecumsph. Little did the crew of 
the Tecumseh think that this was their last day on earth. Some of them 
having expressed their sympathy for us, in having to pass the forts in a 
wooden gun-boat, while they considered themselves perfectly safe being in 
ftn iron-clad vessel. 

We arrived at the blockade at .5 o'clock, and anchored for the nighi. 
Our orders were to get breakfast at 3 o'clock next morning, as this was the 
day we were to pass the forts, or perish in the attempt. 

At daylight we were up and lashed to the gal'ant old Hartford. At halt 
past six o'clock the advance commenced, the iron-clads taking the lead. 
When they had taken their positions, the wooden ships advanced in the 
following ord^r linked as couples would enter a ball-room: 

The Brooklyn. :ui(' OcturMra, T'aviforf\ and Metacomet, Richmond, and 
Port Royal, Lackawana, and Seminole, Monongahela, and Kennebec, Ossipee 
and Itasca, Oneida, and Galena, and the Admiral's steam barg<? "Loyal." 

It was a novf'l position for Farraguf to fmd idmself in — following 
instead of leading — and one which he took very reluctaritly, and only at 
t'le earliest soliritations of the officers, who said that the Brooklyn, havin<.; 
fonr chase guns to the Harlfoni's one, and also an ingenious machine for 
pickmu ii|> torpedoes, with which they knew the channel to be lined, 
should be the leading vessel. They stated, moreover, that in their judgment 
the flag-ship, on the movements and signals of which all the other move- 
ments depended, i^hould not be so much exposed as she would be at the 
head of the line, for she might be crippled before they came up with the 
forts. Farragut demurred very much to this arrangement, saying that "ex- 
posure was one of the penalties •f rank in the navy;" besides, it did nor 
matter where the flag-ship was, " she would always be the main target for 
the enemy." 

The fleet, with the Brooklyn ahead, steamed slowly on, and at ft 
quarter to seven the Tecumseh fired the first gun. About twenty minutes 
liter the forts and water batteries opened a murderous firf. When about five 
hundred yards from Fort Morgan the Brooklyn grounded slightly and 



->6 CEUISE OF THE METACOxMET. 

begin to back, causing the order to reverse engines to pass down through 
the whole fleet, and bringing it to a sudden halt, just as it was entering the 
tiery vortex. " What could this mean," l.ad hardly leaped to the lips of 
Parragut, when he heard the cry, "The Metacomet is on fire!" "The Tecumseh 
is going down!" Glancing his eye to the spot where she lay, he saw only the 
top of her turrets rapidly disapearing beneath the water. The sight at this 
iftoment was enough to try the stoutest heart, and it brought out, like a 
rtash of lightning, all the heroism in the man. What! his whole line halted — 
The Tecumseh, for which he had waited so long, as the only match in the 
tleet for the ram Tennessee, gone to the bottom with all her noble crew, and 
the fiery tempeot full upon him! With his usually mild face now blazing 
with the light of battle, and unalterable resolution written on every line- 
ment, he shouted out, in a voice that rung over the thunder of cannon, " Go 
ahead!" and both ships dashed to the head of the Hue, and hoisted the 
.-ignal " close action," we drove straight for the blazing fort, foUuwed by the 
.-ijuadron. 

A boat was lowered from our ship and manned, in cliarge of a gallant 
and courageous young officer named Neil, aud went to the rescue of the few 
who were fortunate enough to escape from the turret of the Tecumseh. It 
was a grand sight to behold that little boat pulled towaids the strugling 
forms in the water, with the Stars and Stripes flying to the breese, amidst 
the shower of shot and shell tliat was falling around them as thick as hail 
from both friends and enemies. They succeeded in saving ten of them, four 
were seen to swim ashore to the fort. 

All this time the battle continued, the Hartford aud Metacomet, having 
the lead. The rebel fleet were drawn up in line to dispute our entrance into 
tlie bay, and was raking us fore and aft. We could not return the fire only 
with one gun from the Hartford. A shell from the ram Tennessee, struck us* 
forward, and entered the store-room and exploded close to the magazine. 
Our situation looked critical. Captain Jouett, seeing how we were situated, 
several times asked the Admiral who was still in tlie rigging, to let us go. 
To this Farragut would not consent, until he was out of range of the forts. 

The author, from his position at the forward pivot gun, was directly 
iiuder the main-rigging of the Hartford, where Farrfigut was lashed, and 
could hear almost every order he give. He was not lashed with a hammock- 
lashing, nor yet a yarn whipped over one of the shrouds, as some of our 
historians describes him. The facts are those; he secured himself in the 
port main-rigging, with a piece of rattling-stuff, so as to prevent his falling 
between the two ships, and, was not so close to the top as to put his hand up 
tlirough the lubber's hole, and seize the foot of his pilot Martin Freeman, 
and besides he would not be able to watch the ^movements of the fleet in 



CRUISE OF THE META COMET. 27v 

this position. Wlien we pot past the fort, Pcirrajriit give the order to let go! 
there was no time to be lost in casting the hawser adrift that held us to the 
Hartford, taking the battle-axe from my belt, with a few blows cut the 
lines, and went flying past the Hwrtford up the bay in pursuit of the 
rebel gun-bi)at3 who started to run when they seen us pass the forts. The 
chase did not last long, in about twenty minutes we had them in range. 
Then the action commenced in earnest. The Morgan, and Gaines, were on 
our starbord side, and the Selma, on our port. This cross-fire did not last 
long, after pouring a few broadsides into the Gains, she made for the beach 
in a sinking condition. The Morgan sonn followed running under the guns 
of Fort Morgan. Those two obstacles removed, we turned all our guns on 
the SelmR, and a few minutes the shell, grape and canister, were going over 
and into her, at a fearful rate, causing a great loas of life. In about half an 
hour she struck her colors in token of surrender. We immediately sent a 
boat on board, when they got there a horrible sight met the eye. The dead 
and dj'ing were heaped up together, and mangled forms lay everywhere to 
be seen. Their loss in this engagement wliicli lasted only thirty minutes, 
was twenty-nine liilled, and fiftet-n wounded. Am)ng the former were Lieut' 
Comstock, who was in the act of sighting a gun, when he was hit, and his 
remain-i were found lying over the breacli of the gun. And among the latter 
Captain Murph5% severely in tlie neck and arm, Notwithstanding that Capt. 
Murphy was a rebel office)-, he deserves great credit, for the manner in 
which be fought his sliip, and had tlie otiier rebel commanders followed his 
example, thej'' would have made it pretty hot for us. Capt. Murphy had 
formerlj' been U. S. officer, and is another evidence to show what brave men 
our navy had been fn)merly composed of. When oui- men went on board to 
hoist the flag, they found the halyards were unrove, this did not detain 
them long, in a minute one <if them climbed up the flag staff and wjtJi a strip 
of his handkerchief made the Stars and Stipes fast, where the rebel flag had 
been flying a few minutes before. 

The other vessels following in the wake of the flag-ship, one after 
another swept past the bstteries, the crews cheering loudly, and were signal- 
led by the flag-ship t) come to anchor. But they had scarcely commenced 
clearing up the decks when the rebel ram was seen boldly standing out into 
the bay, and steering straight for the fleet, with the purpose of attacking it. 
The moment Farragut discovered it, he signalled the vessels to run her 
down, and, hoisting up his own anchor, ordered the pilot to drive the 
Hartford full on the niorsler. The Mf nongal ela, under the command of the 
intrepid Strong, being near the lear of the line, was still moving up the bay 
when he saw the ram heading for the line. He instantly sheered out, and 
ordering a full head of steam, drove with tremendous force straight ou the 
iron-clad structure. He struck her fair, then, swinging round, poured a 



'■1^ CEUISE OP THE METACOMET. 

broadside of eleven-inch shot, which, fired at such close range, fell with the 
weight of descending rocks on her mailed side. Yet they bounded back, 
and dropped harmlessly into the water. Wheeling, he again stuck her, 
though he had carried away his own iron prow and cutwater. The 
Lackawana came next, and stricking the ram while under full headway, 
rolled her over on her side. Such was the force of the shock that her own 
.stern was cut and crushed to the planks for a distance of three feet above 
the water's edge to five feet below, jspringing her aleak. If his yards and 
topmasts had not been down, they would have gone overboard under the 
shock. As the vessel swung around broadside to, a gunner succeeded in 
planting a nine-inch shell, fired within twelve feet of the ram, into one of 
Ihe shutters, breaking it in to fragment, which were driven into the case- 
mate. The rebels could be seen through the portholes making defiant gest- 
ures, while the cursed and blackguarded our crew in revolting language, 
which so exasperated them that they fired on them with muskets, and even 
hurled a spitoon and holy-stone at them, which made them scatter. The 
next moment, down came Farragut in the Hartford, but just before the 
vessel struck, the ram sheered so that the blow was a glancing one, and the 
former rasped along her iron-plated hull and fell alongside. Recoiling for 
some ten or twelve feet, the Hartford poured in at that short distance a 
whole broadside of nine-inch solid shot, hurled with charges thirteen pounds 
of powder. The heavy metal, though sent with such awful force, and in 
such close proximity, made no impression, but broke into fragments on the 
mailed sides, or dropped back into the water. The shot and shell from the 
Tennessee, on the other hand, went crushing through and through the 
wooden sides of the hartfnrd, strewing her deck with the dead. One 150- 
pound shell, exploding iutide, prostrated men on the right hand and left, 
one of the fragments going through the spar and berth decks, and clean 
through the launch into the hold among the wounded. 

The Hartford now stood off, and began to make a circuit in order to 
come down again, when the Lackawana, which was driving the second time 
on the monster, struck by accident the Hartford a little forward of the 
mizzen mast, and cut her down to within two feet of the water. She was at 
first thought to be sinking, and "the Admiral! the Admiral!— save the 
Admiral !" rang all over the ship. But Farragut, seeing that the vessel 
would still fl-at, shouted out to put on steam, determined to send her, 
crushed and broken as she was, full on the ram. 

B^j^ this time the monitors had crawled up, and were pouring in their 
heavy shot. The Chickesaw got under the stern and knocked away the 
smokestack, while the Manhattan sent one shot clean through the vessel, 
and disabled her stern port shutter with a shell, so that the gun could not 



CRUISE OF THE METACOMET. 29 

be \\se(], while a third carried away the steering gear. Thus, with her steer- 
ing-chains gone, her smokestack 'shot away, many of her port shutters 
jammed, the Tennessee stood at bay among the hounds, while the Ossipee^ 
Le Roy commanding, was now driving towards her under full headway; 
and a little farther off, bearing down on the same awful errand, were coming 
the Hartford, Monongahela and Lackawaua. The fate of the poor vessel was 
now sealed, and her commander hoisted the white flag, but not until the 
Ossipee was so near, that Le Roy could not prevent a collision, and hi^ 
vessel rapped heavily along the iron sides of the ram. lie received her 
surrender from commander Johnson — the Admiral, Buchanan, having been 
])reviously wounded in the leg. This ended the morning's work, and, at ten 
minutes past ten, the fleet came to anchor within tour miles of Fort ilorgan. 

The killed and wounded on board the fleet amounted to two hundred 
and twenty-two— among the latter was Captain Mallory, of the Galena. 
Fifty-two were killed, of which twenty-five, or about half, were killed on 
board tlie Hartford, showing to what a fearful fire the flag-ship had been 
exposed. The Brooklyn was the next severest sufferer, receiving the heaviest 
fire of the fort. 

The loss of the Tocumseh, with her gallant commander Craven and his 
crew, nearly all of whom went to the bottom, chastened somewhat the joy 
over this great victory. Craven was in the turret when the torpedo exploded, 
which almost lifted the iron-clad from the water, and blowing such a huge 
opening in her bottom that she sunk before the men from below could ge 
on deck. 

The only other vessel lost was the Phillipi, which followed the fleet 
against orders, and being struck by a shot was run ashore by her command- 
er and deserted, when the rebels burned her. 

Some idea of the terrible fire that had rolled over the waters that morn, 
ing may be obtained by reflecting what an enormous amount of powder 
must have been exploded, since the Hartford and Br^joklyn alone fired 
nearly five thousand pounds. The fleet and batteries together must have 
expended enough if put together, to have lifted the city of Mobile bodily 
from its foundations. 

Two days after the victory, Farragut issued the following order: 

Flag-Ship Hartfoed, 

Mobile Bay, August 7th, 18G4. 
The Admiral desires the fleet to return thanks to the Almighty God fui 
the signal victory over the enemy on the morning of the 5th instant. 

D. G. FARRAGUT, 
Rear-Admiral Commanding W. G. B. Squadu]!. 



30 CRUISE OF THE METACOMET. 

The night after the battle, Fort Powel was evacuated, the rebels 
blowing it up. The next morning the Chickesaw went down and shelled 
Fort Gains, and the following morning Colonel Audersou, the commander, 
sent a note to Farragut, offering to surrender, and asking for terms. The 
repljr was, first, unconditional surrender. When this was done the prisoners 
should be treated in conformity with the custom of civilized nations, and 
private property, with the exception of arms, be respected. These terms 
were accepted, and at a quarter to ten o'clock the same morning the rebel 
Hag came down, and the stars and stripes went up, amid the loud and pro- 
longed cheers of the fleet. 

Fort Morgan still refused to surrender, and Gen. Granger having 
jierfected his seige operations, the fleet moved down on Smiday night, the 
-1st, and next morning at daybreak opened a terrific bombardment upon it. 
The batteries on shore joined in with their overwhelming fire, and ail day 
long it rained a horrible tempest on the devottd fort Farragut said: "A 
more magnificent fire has rarely been kept up." The inhabitants of ilobile 
gathered on the shores and house-tops and towers to gaze on the terrific 
sceue, while the buildings, though miles away, rattled under the awful 
explosions, and oue vast sulphurous cloud heaved and tossed above the 
(juiet waters of the bay. Just at twilight the citadel of the fort took fire, 
and the garrison, finding themselves unable to extinguish the flames, which 
now shot heavenward in the increasing darkness, flooded the magazine to 
jirevent its blowing up, and threw large quantities of powder into the wells. 

All niglit long the bombardment was kept up, ribbing the darkness 
with ghastly seams of light, as shells crossed and recrossed eacli other in 
their fiery track. 

Thus the fearful night wore on, and at six in the morning a dull heavy 
explosion came over the bay from the smoking fort, and half an hour latter 
a white flag was seen to wave from the ramparts. General Page offered to 
surrender the fort, and asked the terms. The same as those given to Fort 
Gaines were offered and accepted. In his impotent rage, however, the 
Commander ordered all the guns to be spiked, the carriages disabled, and 
arms, ammunition, S^c, destroyed. He also, with some other officers, broke 
their swords, under the silly impression that this would lessen the humil- 
iation of the surrender. 

"The whole conduct of the officers of Fort Gaines and Fort Morgan," 
s'iid Farragut, "presents such a striking contrast in moral principal that I 
cannot fail to remark ujion it. Colonel Anderson, who commanded the 
former, finding himself in a position perfectly untenable, and encumbered 
with a superfluous number of conscripts, many of whom were mere boyS' 
determined to surrender a fort which he could not defend, and in this 
tletermination was supported by all. his officers save one; but, from the 



CRUISE OP THE METACOMET. 31 

momeut he hoisted the white flag, he scrupulously kept eTerything intact, 
and in that condition delivered it over; whilst General Page and his officers, 
with a childish spitefulness, destroyed the guns which they had said they 
would defend to the last, but which they never defended at all, and threw 
away or broke those weapons which they had not the manliness to use against 
their enemies; for Fort Morgan never fired a gun after the commencement 
of the bombardment, and the advanced pickets of our army were actually 

on its glacis." 

As before stated, the ceremoney of surrender took place at two p. m .. 
and the same afternoon the garrison was sent to New Orleans in the Uuitea 
.States steamer Tennessee and Bienville, where they arrived safely. 

BLOWING UP THE RAM NASHVILLE. 

On ilie evening of the 24th, a boat expedition left our ship in charge of 
Kx. oihcer Heuery J. Sleeper, for the pupose of destroying the unfinished 
ram Ni.&hville, which was partly sunk in the channel, just inside the fort at 
Dog river bar, to prevent our gun-boats from getting up to the city of 
Mobile. We left the ship at nine o'clock, taking everything that was necess- 
ary for the destruction of this formidable ram, which the rebels intended to 
use as a battery against us if we attempted to cross the bar. AVe pulled along- 
side cautiously and entered through the port-holes, spreading turpentine 
around the deck, and placing the powder and shell in a good position sei 
her on fire and jumped into the boats. The officer in charge of the expedition 
after applying the match beat a hasty retreat through the port-hole, and iu 
his excitement fell headlong into the boat on top of the wi-iter who was 
holding on in the bow of the boat, and was compelled to throw him over 
ui}^ head into his boat on the outside of us before I could shove my boat off. 
We had only got a short distance from the ram when the powder exploded 
tearing her upper works all to pieces. Seeing a couple of river steamers 
coming in our direction, the boys gave way with a will and soon reached 
the ship in safety, then steamed down the bay to the fleet. 

Thursday Aug. ■25th, at one o'clock a boat from our ship, and one from 
the Seminole, left the flag-ship Hartford, for the purpose of putting a buoy 
on the spot where the ill-fated monitor Tecumseh went down on the morn- 
ing of the 5th. We succeeded in doing this, and was returning to our ship 
when Martin Freeman Farragut's pilot, proposed that we should drag some 
of the torpedos from the channel. This proposition was accepted by the 
greater jDart of our men, we immediately went to work and in a short time 
had five of them on the beach. One of those were about to be removed by 
Mr, Freeman's orders and placed by itself when it exploded. I had just let 
go the rope and sat down in the sand for the purpose of taking off my shoes 



32 CRUISE OP THE METACOMET. 

to go into the water after the others when the explosion took place. I was 
slightly stunned by the explosion and hardly knew what to do, I rushed 
around from one to the other with the intention of assisting my own com- 
rades first. The groans of the wounded men were dreadful. They were 
mutilated past recognition. I came to one whom I rec 'gaized as the cock- 
swain of my boat, he was so mangled tliat I could render him no assistance. 
Fort Morgan at this time was gavi-isoned by colored troops, some of which 
were lounging around the beach, was called upon to assist us in draging the 
torpedos out of the water, several of them took hold of the rope and was 
hauling away when the explosion occiined. One them was so close to tlie 
the torpedo that it biowed all his clothes completly off, he was lying with 
his face downward in the sand and hollering with all his might. When I 
came to him I rolled him over, and found that h-^ had not received even a 
scratch, told him to get upon his feet that he was not hurt, and immediately 
saw him going in the direction of Fort Morgan roaring like a wild man. 
N'ext came to another wliich I recognized l»y a portion of his uniform 
which was still burning, as Acting Ensigu White, in charge of our Ijoat, He 
was badly burned about the face and body, I immediately clasped him in 
my arms and pressing his clothing close to mine, succeeded in extinguishing 
the fire. He asked my name and said "for Gud sake take me on board, and 
save my lif^^." I mustered all my strength and carried him to the boat, nr>d 
9upi)orte<l him in my arms while we were towed alongside the ship. 

The Metacoruet remained in Mobile bay until the city wiis taken, having 
several engagements with the batteries along the eastern shore, and had 
many narrow escapes from being i)lown up with torpedos. 

This ended my cruise on tlie Metacomet, I was transferred to the 
Hag-ship Hartford, and afterwards to the steamer Fort Morgan, to return to 
New York, where I was discharged from the (J. S. Navy, October lU, 1864. 

F. M'CARTEN, 






DESCRIPTION 



Orixiso of tlxo XJ. ^- IFlf^s-stliiiK^ 



saB©ss®® 



<p>'^, 



w 



Captain W. W. LOW, 

AND 

Captain JONATHAN YOUNG, 



COMMANDING. 



Eear Admiral William Eeynolds, 



Eear Admiral Thomas H. Patterson, 



CoraiTianding U. S. Naval Force on the Asiatic Station. 



1878. 



tkxxksskk's "young amtirica" prkss. 



r> DESCRIPTION OF THE TENNESSEE. 

The Tennessee (formerly the Madawaska,) was built at the Brooklyn 
Navy Yard in 1865, and was fitted out with laherwood's patent engines. On 
her trial-trip in New York bay she made seventy-six (76) miles in four hours. 
In 1870 she made a trip to San Domingo with the Commissioners, and 
returned to New York in the same year, and was put out of commission, 
another deck was put on her, and received a pair of John Eoache's back 
acting compound engines. She is a frigate-built clipper, with two fighting 
decks, berth-deck, cock-pits, poop-deck and top-gallant forecastle. 

DIMENSIONS OF HULL. 

Lenght between j)erpendiculars .... .... 335 feet. 

Overall 375 " 

Breath of beam 45 ft. 2 in. 

Depth of hold 31 " 

Draft of watar when ready for sea (aft) .... 22 " 6 " 

forward .... 20 " 3 " 



PKINCIPAL SPARS. 

Lenght of fore lower-mast .... .... .... 119 feet. 

main " '• 123 " 4 in. 



mizzen .... .... .... 

" fore yard .... • • • • • • ■ • • . . . 87 

main " 97 

" cro'jack .... .... .... .... GO 

Height of fore royal truck above water line .... .... 185 

" '.' main " '* " " 191 

" " mizzen " " " ' 154 



95 " 4.4 



BATTERY 23 GUNS. 

IS IX inch on Jlaiu deck Weight ot sliot HO 11); 

2 XI inch pivots on Spar deck " 1G(> " 

■2 100 pdr. Parrott " " 70 " 

1 (■)() pdr. Parrott nn lop-gallant forecastle. 60 " 



She is provided with several Dahlgren howitzers for boat and field 
service, a battery of Gattliug guns, small arms and pikes sufficient to arm 
all hands. She also carries torpedo out-riggers with permanent wires run- 
ning fore and aft inside the bulwarks connecting with portable batteries on 
llie quarter-deck by which four heavy torpedoes can be simultaneously ex- 
ploded under the water line fifty feet from the shii)V side; and has the 
necessary apparatus fur using the " Harvey " loipedo. 



DESCRIPTION OF TlIK TEXNESSKE. 



CAPACITV OF MAGAZINES. 



'-'38—200 pound Tanks. 

21—150 

34-100 

(J8— 50 " 



CAPACITY OF SHELL-ROOM 



1170 IX inch shell 

180 XI " 

190 100 pdr. '• 

1)5 GO " 

100 12 " 

54 12 " . " (light) 

31 XI inch shrapnel 

180 IX " 

50 100 pdr. 

25 60 

10 12 " 

162 " " " (light) 



Capacity of provisions, four mouths for four hundred men. 



Capacity of water tanks 752G gallons. 



Maximum quanity of water that can be distilled in twenty-four hours, ICO 
gallons per hour. 

DESCRIPTION OF ENGINES. 

Two back acting compound engines. Maximum indicated horse power 
1640. Ten (10) Cylinderical boilers of two furnaces efich. Grate surface 
478 square feet. 



DESCRIPnON OF THE TENNESSEE. 



CAPACITY OF COAL-BUNKERS. 

380 Tous. 

Coal consumed at full power 67 ton?, 1 

[ r.ituniinous. 

at t " r.o " ] 



CHAIN CABLES Sc ANCHORS. 



Cables, 2 bower 165 fathoms, 2 sheet 150 fathoms, and 1 stream 105 fathoms. 



7520 j 8150- 

Anchors, 2 bowers • Lbs. 2 sheet [ Lbs. 

7650 \ 73.50 

" 1 stream 214.3 



SAIL AREA. 



Total area 44, 289, 22 ^ " square feet. 

Available at one time ' 39, 497, 07 

All plain sail " 26, 807, 05 



Displacement " 4220 " " square feet. 

Tonnas-e " 2135 " " toii.^. 



CRUISE OF THE "TENNESSEE, 



The Tennessee was put in commission at the Brooklj'n navy yard May 
1st, 1875. Her crew was transfened from the U. S. Recieving ship Vermont, 
May -0th She cast her moorings on dock off June lOch, and steamed down 
ihe river and anchored off the liattery at five P. M. 

June 15th, hoisted and saluted the FUig of Rear Admiral William 
Reynolds, U. S. N., Commanding U. S. Naval Force on the Asiatic Station. 

"SALUTE TO THE FLAG" 

Unfurl to the bveese, on laud and on Sea, 
Our emblem of liberty, the Flag of the free. 
The army shall weild it as their Septra of power, 
The Navj' shall sheild it as the hope of the hour, 
While the South with the North proclaim in one Voice, 
The flag of our Union is the flag of our choice. 
June 26th, left our anchorage off the batteiy, and steamed down the 
bay, and came to anchor at Staten Island. 

OTJ.t-'\7va.r<a. lOoTiXica.- 

June 27th, at 10 A. M. left our anchorage Staten Island, passed Sandy 
Hook, discharged pilot and set our course for Gibraltar, distance 3180 miles. 



J'tily Wh fS75. 

July 4th, Sunday-At meridian hove ship too, and celebrated the 99ih. 
anniversary of American Independence by firing a salute of 21 guns. Lat. 42 
41' N, Long. 42, 07' w- distance from Gibraltar 1712 miles. 

On the 13Lh, land reported at 4 a. m. coast of Spain plainly visible. At 
eight o'clock made out the coast of Afiica. At 9 a. m. came to anchor off 
Gibraltar. 



7 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

A rocky ijromoutoiy, 3 miles in lenght, and 3-4 of a mile in averap;e 
breath, and greatest elevation 1, 349 feet, near the southern extremity of 
Spain, at the entrance to the Mediterrnean, everywhere fortified by works of 
great strength and extent, connected on tlie north by a low istmus with 
Andalusia, Five miles across the bay is the Spanish town of Algerias 
between which and Gibraltar lies the Bay of Gibraltar, also called the Bay 
of Algesiras, which is about eight miles long, by five broad, with a depth in 
the centre of upwards of 100 fathoms. The anchorage is not good, and the 
bay is much exposed, especially to the S. W. winds, which occasionally do 
great damage to the shipping. Gibraltar was taken in 1704 by a combined 
Dutch and English force, under Sir George Eooke, after a vigorous bombard- 
ment, and since that time it lia» remained continuously in possession of the 
British, notwithstanding the desperate efforts on the part of France and 
Spain to dislodge them. Gibraltar being a free port, is resorted to by 
Spanish smuglers, who drive a thriving trade by introducing contraband 
goods into Spain.-Total population in 1871 (mcluding 6,521 military), 
25,216. 

Gibraltar is said to be the strongest fortified place in the world, it 
mounts a gun for eveiy day in the year, consequently has at present 1875. 

The oflScers of the Tennessee, gave a Ball in honor of the British officers 
of Gibraltar, and which was well attended by Citizens, Soldiers, and their 
wifes. Sume of the soldiers acted la a very diaorderly manner on leaving 
the ship. 



We made a very successful passage from Gibraltar to this port, in one 
hundred hours. Distance 1250 miles. 

Palermo, is one of the most beautiful cities it has ever been my lot to 
visit. It is situated in a most lovely bay, wliich supplies splendid anchorage 
for vessels of all denominations, and whose calm blue waters, no rough, or 
stormy tea, ever ruffles. The cily itself is surrounded by a chain of lofty 
hills, and has a charming drive all round its walks pa.■^sing over a long and 
handsomely arched viaduct, which gives one the idea of an old Roman 
encampment. The inhabitants are polite and higlily cultivated in the arts 
and sciences. Religion, Poetry, Painting and Sculpture, flourish here. The 
houses are of great architectural beauty. There me liandsonie stn-ets and 



THE SUEZ CANAL. 8 

promenades, in and about the city, and eveiy evening, during the summer 
months, a Band discourses realy fine music, to such as are willing to lend a 
listening ear. The Catacombs, or places of interment for the dead, here, will 
well repay a visit. Hewn out of the solid rock, and iu places assisted bj' 
natural excavations, they present a singular and striking spectacle. Whole 
families in grim and ghastly skeleton array, are here, standing side by side, 
in those cavernous recesses, grouped in accordance with their age and sex 
whilst living, the maidens only being distinguished from the other members 
of the family by a small silver crown encircling their skulls, a monk acting 
as guide, shows you round. Interments in these vast catacombs take place 
every day with much pomp and ceremony in accordance with the rites of 
the Catholic church. 

Then in the evenings the Grand Gardens, are a great resort, and as the 
shades of night draw nigh, you will see the fair Italian maidens and Nobility, 
taking their evening promenade. Next to the Ladies, the fruits are the 
handsomest products of the place, for a few cents only. I obtained a large 
handful of Peaches, Pears, and Grapes. 

The Italian Soldiery, also struck me as being particularly sturdy and 
hardy looking, though lacking althogether, that air of discipline so nec- 
essary to well drilled Troops. 

Paleimo is the Capital of Sicily, was taken by General Garibaldi, in 1862. 
The' Gen. make residence at this place, he was absent from the city during 
our stay at this port, consequently we were greatly disapcinted in not seeing 
Ihe great "red shirt" warrior. Altogether Palermo is very beautiful and 
interesting place, wnuld that I had more time to visit the interior. 

The Tennessee enlarged her Band, by shipping a number of Italy's 
famous Musicians. 

Lett Palermo, August 8th, for Port Said, passed through the Straits of 
Messenia, sighted "iElna" Sicily's famous burning mountain. The scenery 
is beautiful and picturesque. Passed Candiere Island, one of the Grecian 
Archepelago. 

Aug 12th, arrived at Port Said, this is the entrance to the canal. Theie 
is nothing of any importance to be seen, being nothing more than a CDaliug 
station for vessels going through the canal. It presents a desolate appear- 
ance, not a sign of vegetation to be seen, nothing but a vast sand desert as 
fiir ns the eye can see. Population 3,.5O0, chiefly Arabs, French, English and 
Jews. A number of Arabs came on board for the purpose of coaling ship, 
and engaged in a free-fight among themselves, we were compelled to put 
them ashore for the sake of peace. Those however, cannot be considered r.s 
a fare specimen of the raco. 



9 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

The Arab 13 of medium stature, muscular make, and brown complexion. 
Earnestness and lofty pride look out of his glowing eyes; by nature he is 
quick, sharp-witted, lively, and passionately fond of poetry. Courage, 
temperance, hospitality, and good faith, are his leading virtues; but these 
are often marred by a spirit of snnguinary revenge and rapacity. His wife 
keeps the house and educates the children. The Arab cannot conceive a 
higher felicity than the birth of a camel or a foal, or that his verses should 
be honored with the applause of his tribe. 



The Suez Canal-said to one of the wonders of the age, and in which the 
English Goverment has invested the sum of £4,000 000 is attracting a 
large portion of the trafic between England and the East, and will probably 
compel her to take an active part in supporting the Khedive. 

The canal is eighty-seven miles in lenght, vessels passing through are 
not allowed to steam faster than four miles an hour, thus it took the 
"Tennessee" two days to go through. The canal is very narrow, just wide 
enough for any size vessel to go through, with the exception of the stations 
or Gares. where the vessels pass each other. There are Telegraph stations 
situated all along the canal, and vessels entering are Telegraphed from one 
station to another, thus the Company can tell exactly where the vessels 
passing through are. 

The first day going through, the land on both sides as far as the eye can 
see, is one wide expanse of white sand. The second, we pass nuw and 
then, through high land, and the soil is not quite so barren, at places a 
sparse vegetation had sprung up. 

27ie Cararan and Camel. 

Here you can see the Camel in his natural element, we saw several 
Caravans crossing the desert. 

Caravan, the name given to the great assemblages of travelers whicli, 
at stated times, traverse the deserts of Asia and Afiica. Many caravan^ are 
entirely fur the purposes of trade, the merchants associating themselves for 
mutual help and protection. A Caravan sometimes has so many as 1000 
camels, which follow each other in single file, so that it may be a mile or 
more in lenght. The most celebrated caravans are those former; bj' pilgrims 



LAKE ISHMAILIA. 10 

going to Meca, particularly those which annuallj' assemble at Cairo and at 
Damascus. The latter consists uf 30 UUU to 50,0U0 pilgrims, and is uuder the 
special protection uf the Turkish sultan. Tiie trade betweeu Tripoli and the 
interior of Africa is exclusively carried on by caravans, also that between 
Darfui- and Egypt. 

Z,ake Ishmaiha . 

Aug. 14th, came to anchor off a beautiful village called Ishmalia in 
Lake Morah, which means •' bitter water," a large white house can be seen 
among the trees on shore, it is said to be the Governor's house. Great 
clouds of sand are lifted from the desert, and carried across the plains, bury- 
ing everything in its route. One of those st jrms can now be seen rising, 
passing over the little village, which completely obscure it from our view. 

Snez City. 

We passed out of the canal and came to anchor off Suez City. Ten miles 
from our anchorage is said to be the place where Moses led the Children 
through the Red Sea. It is also asserted by an old sailor on board this ship 
(Jacob Stoppernot ), that he was on board a ship that once anchored near 
this place, and hoisted one of the wheels of " Pharoah's Chariot " on the 
fluke of her anchor. "Jacob has never been known to tell a lie." 

Aug. 16th, Admiral Rej^nolds and wife, and a party of officers left the 
ship, for the i)urpose of visiting the Pyrmids at Cairo, Egypt. 

Colors of the Ocean. 

The ocean has naturallj'- a pure bluish tint. All profound and clear seas 
are all more or less of a deep blue; while, according to seamen, a green color 
indicates soundings. The briglit blue of the Mediterranean, so often vaunted 
by poets, is found all over the deep, pure ocean, not only in the tropical and 
temperate zones, but also in the regions of eternal frost. The North Sea is 
green, partly from the reflection of its sandy bottom mixing with the essen- 
tially blue tint of the water. The pecular coloring of the red sea, whence 
its name, is derived from the presence of a microscopic algse, or sea weed 
less remarkable even for its beautiful red color than for its prodigious 
fecundity. The evening after the Tennessee left Suez, a most remarkable 
color of water wa- noticed, the ship seemed to be sailii g through an ocean 
of milk, a phenomenon which was owing to the immense number of little 
white animals swiming on the surface. 



] 1 CKUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

"Wo made tne passajije across the Il-3cl S^a, in iive days. Passed the 
Twelve Apostals (Islands), they are named after each of the Apostals. 

Aiifr. 2Gth, arrived at Aden, a very iraportnut fortified to-wn on a small 
peninsula of the south coast of Arabia, 113 miles from the entrance to the 
Eed Sea, taken hy Great Britain in 1830. The territory, is under the admin- 
istration of the Goverment of Bombay, comjwises an area of between 18 and 
20 miles, and is of volcanic origin, consistinj:: chiefly of a range of hill?, 
Tvhich rise from 1.000 to 1.760 feet hiph. It enjoys almost perpetual 
sunshine, a cloudy day heinp very rare. It is a place of considerable strength, 
and, like all British poss^^ssions is well garrisoned, its situation between Asia 
pnd Africa, resembling that of Gibraltar, between Europe and Africa. Its 
excellent port render it a valuable station en route from India to Europe as 
a coaling depot. The population is nearly ,'50.000 including troops and 
followers. 

The Tennessee, remained only two days at this port, just long enough to 
take in a supply of coal, and left for Bombaj-. 



The Island of Bombay was part of the dowry af the Infanta of Portugal, 
and was made over by Charles the II. to the I'^ist India Company rs 1G68. 
The total area of this province is not far short of that of Germany, native 
States occupying about one-lhird; Siud, a nou-re/sulitfion province, one- 
fourth; and Bombay proper, once the territory of the Peisliwa, the remain- 
ing 82.000 square miles. 

The length of the province is 1.050 miles and it has many fine natural 
harbors. Of the inhabitants 75 per cent are Hindoos, who worship) J ugger- 
naul--a God who used to be dragged through the streets in his Chariot, ajid 
the native would fall down and worship. So great was their infatuation, 
that the women would throw their children beneath the wheels of the 
Chariot to be crushed to death. Their idea seeming to be that, greater the 
turture on earth, the greater happiness they would experience in heaven. 
These heathen ideas however, was done away with by the English after the 
sacrifice of mimy lives. Bombay is yearly rising in importance as the great 
commercial port of India. After London it is the most populous city in the 
British E.upire. During cur week stay at this p )rt the weather wa:' cons- 
tantly overcast and it rained iuccisaully. 



COLOMBO, ('I:YL().V. 



We made the passage to this port iu lour days. It is au Ishiud iu Ihn 
Indian Ocean, to the south-east of the peninsula of Hindustan, is situated 
in Latitude 70 40' N, long. 80 S-l' k. It has an area of 21, 702 square miles. 
Its greatest kngth from north to south, 2()G square miles, and greatest width 
140 miltts. In 1505, the potnguese formed settlements on the island but 
were dispossed in the next centuavy by the Dutch. In 1705, the British 
took possession of the Dutch settlements on the island, anc. annexed them 
to the Presidency of Madras; but six years after, 1801 it contained a popula- 
tion 2, 405,287, of whom the most numerous were the Singhalese, descend- 
ants of colonists from the valley of the Ganges, who first settled in the 
island b. p. 54.". 

The Island is a rich and valuable one, the breeses blowing off the shore 
bring with them the sweet odor of spices, of which the island abounds. 

JVatifral Scciiery. 

In natural scenerj', Ceylon can vie with anj- part of the world; and as 
it rises from the ocean, clothed with the rich luxuriance of a tropical vege- 
tation, it seems to the voyager like some enchanted island of Eastern story. 
■Its hills, draped with forests of perennial green, tower grandlj'- from height 
to height, till they are lost in clouds and mist. Near at hand, a .sea of 
sapphire blue dashes against the battlemented rocks that occur at isolated 
])oints, and the yellow strands are shaded by groves of noble palms. In shape, 
Ceylon, resemble a pear, but its inhabitants more poetically compare it to 
one of their elongated pearls. Undulating plains cover about four parts of 
the island, and the fifth is occupied by the mountain-zone of the central 
south, which has an elevation of 8,000 feet above the level of the sea. 
Pedrotallagalla, the highest mountain in the range, attains the height of 
8280 feet; the celebrated mountain of Adam's Peak is 7420 feet. 

J)fa7i72crs €(??(? Cusfoms. 

The inhabitants in their customs, and costume, and general appearance, 
have remained unchanged since the days of ptolemy. The dress of the men, 
who have delicate features and slender limbs, is singularly elftminate, and 
consists of a Comboy or waist-cloth, very much resembling a petticoat; 
their long hair, turned back trom the forehead, is confined with combs, and 
earings are worn by waj' of ornament. Tlie women, in addi(ion-to the 



Jn CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

CoMBoy, cover the upper part of the figure with a white muslin jacket, and 
adorn themselves with necklaces, bangles, rings, and jewellery. The Singh- 
alese are false and cowardly, but manifest a strong affection for their 
relatives, and a reverance for old age. Polyandry still lingers in the interior 
of Ceylon, and was formerly universal; it is now, however, chiefly confined 
to thcfwealthier classes, amongst whom one woman has often three or four 
husbands. The Kandyans, or Highlanders, are a more sturdy race, and 
maintained their independance for three centuries after the the conquest of 
the low country by European settlers. The Malabars, or Tamils, have sprung 
from those early invaders of Ceylon, who from time to time swept across 
from Southern Hindustan, and contended with the Singhalese kings for the 
sovereignty of the island. 

The Mjurghers' of Ceylon are a people of European descent, who hav<J 
become naturalized. Those of Portuguese extraction hold the lowest place, 
but the Dutch burghers frequently fill responsible posts, and are employed 
in the goverment oflRces. 



T?ie Ted daks. 

Besides the races already alluded to, there is a remarkable tribe of out 
casts — the Veddahs — hardly removed from the wild animals of the forest, 
and believed to be descended from the Yakkhos, the aboriginal inhabitants 
of the country. They occupy a district in the eastern part of the island, and 
have there preserved their ancient customs, and manner of living unaltered 
for more than 2000 years. They appear to be without the instinct of 
worship, and have no knowledge of a God. The tribe is divided into the 
Kock Veddahs and the village Veddahs. The former hide themselves in the 
jungle, live by the chase, and sleep in trees or caves. They use fire to cuok 
their mtat, and to use the language of davis, their greatest "gastronomic" 
treats are the iguana lizard and roasted monkey. 

Their language — if the few words they make use of can l)e called by 
that name— is a dialect of the Singhalese. The village Veddahs locate them- 
selves in the vicinity of the European settlements, on the eastern coast, 
living in rude huts of mud aud bark, and are hardly more civilized thau 
their brethern of the jungles. 

The exertions of the goverment to reclaim this harmless but degiaded 
people have in some degrte succeeded, aud a promising colony has been 
formed. 



rrJXCE OF WALES ISLAND. M 

HhUlned CtHes of Ceyton . 

In the north of the island, ruined cities— buried for ages in the depths 
of the forest— have been discovered, revealing monuments that in dimens- 
ions may almost compare with the pyramids of Egypt. The most remark- 
able of these vestiges of au early civilization is Pullanarrua, the ancient 
capital of Ceylon; and here is the celebrated Gal-wihara, a rock-hewn 
temple, supposed to be' the only example in Ceylon of an attempt to fashion 
an architectural design out of the rock, after the manner of the cave temples 
of Ajunta and Ellora'. 



Sept. 2Glh, 1875, arrived at Penang, or (Prince of Wales island), it is 
about 14 miles long and 9 bruad, situated off the weti coast of the Malaj^an 
peninsula, in lat. 5 18' n., long. 100 4' E., ceded to the goverment of India in 
1786 by the Rajah of the neighboring territory, Kedah, Area lOG square 
miles; population Gl,797. The climate is healthy, and well adapted for the 
cultivation of spices, sugarcane, and tapioca. 

During our stay at this port, some of our crew went ashore on liberty 
where they were kindly received by the natives, while in conversation with 
.some of the business men of the place, they assured me that, the people are 
verj' much discontented under British rule, and consequently have frequent 
outbrakes in the island. 



Arrived at tliis port Oct. 2, 1875, Singapore, India, is an Island, situated 
on the southern extremity of the Malayan peninsula. Its length is 27 miles, 
width 14 miles, comprises an area of 224 square miles, with a population of 
97,214. The English took possession of it in 1819, since which time it has 
been governed by them. Sir Thomas Manuiug, is its jsresent governor, who 
paid us a visit during our stay here. It is a great commercial and shipping 
imporium. 

Passed Assistant Engineer Hunt, having been detached from this ship, 
left us to proceed to the United States. 



i.'> ( KiisM or Tin; ti;.\.\j-.s>j;i:- 

.ir((/f //tr LtJ^-fjfxr/! 

Oi'l. 1-1. At lU. ."0 r. M. the ijuii't and serouily ot llie ship was ilioturbed 
liy ono of llie look-oula en the gangway, reporliug a boat driftiug by in a 
lielple.es ouudition, with a man in it. The Engines were quickly stopped, a 
itoat was ioweied and manned, but cm reaching the ?up])osed boat and man, 
it wa.s discovered to be a laige tree with out-sl) etched limbs, and birds 
roosting thereon, whicli screamed and Hew away on the approach of our 
boai-, as much as to slay, we have fooled those Yankees this tiuie. 

Manila is situated on the island of Luzon, one of the I'hUlipine Islands. 
It i.>i governed by a ypauish (iuveinor, who made a visit to the Tennessee, 
(hiring our stay heie, also the Spanish Admiral visited the ship to pay his 
lespects to our Admiral. 

Oct. 20, On leaving Manila, we encountered a very strong head wind 
■which continued increasing in force for two days, so that it was imposiblo 
to steam against it, we were obliged to abandon our intention of going t?) 
Nagasaki, tacked ship and set course for Amoy, China. 

A Wine SNpj)er. 

At 7 o'clock this evening, our Signal Q,uartermaster, Captain of the 
Hold, and "Jack of the Dust," gave their first Wine-Supper. 

Amoy is a senport town of China, in a fmall island of the same name, 
in tbe province of Fo-kion, on the sea-coast, is one of chief commercial 
emporiums of the east; and contains a population estimated at 250,000. It 
is divided into an outer and inner town, and has an outer and inner harbor, 
the entrance to the former of which, as well as the inner town itself, is 
strongly fortified. In 1841 it was taken by the Ciitish; by the treaty of Xan- 
kiug, a British consul and British subjects weie p< rmitted to reside there. 
The trade is now open to all natinn.^. The chief imports are rice, suger, 
camphor, raw cotton, cotton-twist, and British long cloths; he exports are 
tea, porclain, paper, grass-cloths ,\c. Sinuggliug is carried on extensively. 
Amov is said to be the dirtiest town in the world. 



WoosUXd, CfllXA. )(', 

■\Voosuus is a small village at the mouth of the Yaugtze-Iviang river, !,"> 
miles from Shanghai, is inhabited chiefly by Chinese, with the exception of 
a few Europeans who have charge of the harbor, there is one hotel, and 
it ietenibles all the Chinese towns I had the misfortune to see in regai-d to 
dirt and filth. 

The English fiag-shi]) "Audacious," and several Chinese gun-boats were 
in the harbor, who managed to make the night and day hideous, by saluting 
1 lie Mandarins, and other Chinese officials, who are constantly passing up 
and down the river. 

Is'ov. 2V). Lieut. H. W, Lyon, left the shijj in charge of the remains of 
the late AVilliam Seward, late minister to China, to jiroceed to the United 

States. 



'jPc/ppcnherg !EocA-. 



At the entrance to the harbor of Nagasaki stands Pappeuberg Rock, 
where the lives of so many thousands native christians had been sacrificed. 

In the year of 1637, at Shimabara, the Christians rose by thousands in 
arms, seized an old castle, repaired and fortified it, and raised the flag of 
rebe lion. Armies from Kiushin and the Kuanto, composed mostly of veterns 
of Corea and Ozaka, were sent by Shogun to beseige it. Their commanders 
expected an easy victory, and sneered at the idea of having any difficulty in 
subduing these farmers and peasanls. A siege of two months, by land and 
water, was, however necessary to reduce the fortress, which was finally done 
with the aid of Dutch cannon, furnished under compulsion by the traders of 
Deshima. The intrepid garrison, after great slaughter, surrendered, and then 
the massacre of thirty-seven thousand Christians began, and was finished by 
the hurling of thousands more from the rock of P.qjpenberg, in Nagasaki 
harbor. Thousands more were banished to various provinces, or jiut to death 
by torture. Others escaped, and fled to the island of Foimosa, joining their 
hrethem alrtady there. The Edicts pichibUing the "evil sect" were now 
pvor.nilpa'ed and published y-crmanently all over the Empire, and new ones 



17 C'EUISE OP THE TENNESSEE. 

ri>mmanded that, as lon^ as the sun should sbiuc, no foreigners .should euter 
.lapau, or natives leave it. The Dutch gained the privilege of a paltry trade 
and residence on the little fan-shaped island of Deshima (outer island), in 
front of Xagjisaki. Here under degrading restrictions and constant surveil- 
lance, lived a little company of less than twenty hollanders, who were 
allowed one ship every year to come from the Dutch East Indies and 
tixchange commodities of .Tapan with those of Holland. 



Tlii.i id ono of thn: .snugest harbors we have entered during our cruis^e so 
fur. It is entirely land locked, and in the summer the mountains that 
aurrouad the town are cjvered with grenu herbigj , making it look very 
beautiful. I made ray first tour in Japan j'esterday, and will say that if first 
impresstons are the best I will certainly like the Jajjanese, I found them 
e.\cessive!y polite, very obliging and honest, and their manner is so perfect- 
ly free from affectation, and simple, that I could not help but admire them, 
and of all the different nationalities I have come in contact with so far 
during the cruise, I much prefer the simple " Jap." 



OiiT CJirislmas Abroad. 

■ Our first Christmas aboad was passed most pleasantly, the diny broke 
clear and pleasant, the sun shining brightly. The first thing on the program- 
me was a boat race, betvi-ceu the Tennessee's barge "Magic" (12 oars) and 
the U. S. S. "Kearsarge" flutter (14 oars), five (5) miles for SlOO a side. 
The race had been much talked of in the fleet, and among the citzeus on 
shore, the shipping in the harbor were crowded with spectators. 

At ten o'clock the boats were out pulling around the hiirbor, at 10-30 
Ihe contestants came side by side, and at the signal from the officer in 
the umpii-e'd boat (by the firing of a pistol^ the boat? sti.-ted the " M.igic" 
amidst shouting and cheering by the crews of both ships, took the lead and 
kept it, coming in half mile ahead. 



18 

A Ch7'lstmas Greeiiuff 

TO THE CREW OF " KEARSARCE." 

Long, long ago, (in memoiy's span bv g. r. av 

It seems an age at least) 
When Admiral Rodger's matchless barge 

Was champion of the East, 

ITer crew, as brave and stroBg a set 

As e'er a cutter graced, 
Were wont to send a kindly word 

To those with whom they raced. 

We euvy not the Daring's fame. 

Nor boast her wondrous speed. 
But only aim to act as square 

Whichever crew may lead. 

And banish every petty care 

On this bright Christmas morn. 
We' 11 do our best, come what may 

Our Bard shall blow our horn, 

In honor of the gallant crew 

Who meet our craft to-day, 
In friendly contest on the waves 

Of Xagasaki Bay. 

Though one of us must be astern 

In this our maiden race 
When each man does his level best 

Defeat don't mean disgrace. 

Let's prove to others that the tars 

Wlio man Columbia's Fleet, 
Are generous in victory, 

Or manlj' in defeat. 

And chesr each other at the end 

What'er our luck may be, 
We only wish both boats could win. 

Your?, truly, " Tennessee." 



19 CliUiaE (JF THE TENNESSEE. 

TIio next event of anj' importance was our Christmas Dinner, our tables 
were decorated with flags and evergreens, and loaded with all the delicacies 
of tiie season, Avhicli we all enjoj-ed. In the afternoon a large party of the 
ships' company went on shore. Thus ended our first Christmas abroad. 

The ''Saco'' Spaces. 

The race between Admiral Reynolds barge Magic, and the U. S. Saco's 
twelve-oared whale boat Resolute, was closely contested for the first mile 
and a half, then the superioi* quallities of the Magic was plainly to be seen, 
notwithstanding the splendid stoke of the Resolute's crew, the Magic drew 
gradually away from her and turned the stake boat 40 seconds ahead, but in 
consequence of bad management in the turn she lost her headway, then the 
Resolute spurted and made a splendid turn, by this time the Magic got 
around and was off like a race horse, and finished a minute and a half ahead 
of her opponent. 

A^e9f j'ea7'-s Saces, 

The first race with the Saco was hardly over when they manne 1 their gig 
and tossed oars under our bow by way of a challenge to a six-oared race. Our 
gig like the Magic was untried, although built by the same builder, some of 
our boys were not so confident in her, but were willing to risk a little on her, 
while others speculated in the Saco's boat and succeeded in wining several 
small bets. The race at the start was closely contested, but our boat began 
gradually dropping astern and came in 50 seconds behind. 

Having been beaten but not disheartned in this last race, our boys man- 
ned our dingy the smallest boat in the ship, with four of the bigest men in 
the navy, and tossed oars under the bow of the smallest ship in the service. 
The little ship won't surrender, the race to be pulled in one hour. The boats 
started over a zig-zag course around several men-of-war in the harbor, and 
ended in another victory tor the Tennessee. 

This race was scrarcely over, when a short low rakish looking craft (not 
not of Ned Bimtline's) was seen leaving the Saco, and heading right for this 
ship, but on closer inspection it proved to be her catamaran, propelled by 
shovels in the hands of four burly looking firemen, and on coming alongside 
demanded satisfaction their coxswain saying, " the little ship won't cave if 
you were as big as the Great Eastern, so get out your catamaran and if this 
don't turn the tables, we'll come over in a division tub." Our catamaran 
was speedily launched and manned by the Tennessee's Indispensables, and 



THE DEATH OE CHARLES L. DICKENS. 20 

the race comraonced, bulk coxswains wore very long serious faces, as if the 
fate of the Republic deioeuded on the result, and kept continually working 
the body as if put together with a hinge in the back, and swinging iheir 
arms in all directions. There was great jockying resorted to in this race, 
running through propeller wells, under gangway ladders, mooring cables See. 
Our catamaran the ( lightning bug), came in several seconds ahead. The 
Saco's crew on leaving the ship was presented with a purse of Japanesee 
tempo's and a wreath composed of onions, potatoes, cabbage, and artificial 
flowers. Thus ended our New Year's sports in Nagasaki. 



'DeatJi of C?ia7'2€s Z. 2)tcke7is. 



Jan 29th, we anchored in the mouth of the Tang-tze-kiang River, for 
1 he purpose of having our quarterly target yjractice, the weather was cold 
and disagreable, we finished at five o'clock after two hours i^ractice. The 
two boats that were sent to pick up the target were unable to reach the 
ship in consequence of a head wind and swift current running at the time, 
one of the boats drifting out to sea was picked up by a pilot boat and 
lowed back to the ship. It was now eight o'clock, and just as we were 
about turning into our hammocks, when the cry was laised "man overboard," 
all hands rushed on deck, when it was found that Charles L. Dickens, a 
messenger boj', while standing in the port gangway slipped and fell over- 
board, all efforts to save him was in vain, boats were quickly lowered, 
gratings thj-own overboard, but from the time the splash was heard, nothing 
more was seen of him. He was a native of Fulton Falls, N, Y., 17 years of 
age, a bright smart lad, and was a general favorite on board. 

The following lines were written on his death, bj- George R. Willij!, 
Flag-ship "Tennessee," January 30, T 876, — 



21 CEUJSE OF THE TEXXESSEE. 



IN MEMORIAM. 

The bugle's toiies ring out in martial glen. 
The morning gun wakes echoes far away, 
And, suramoned by the notes of reveile, 
We meet tlie cares of each succeeding day, 

r>at thci'e was one — the youngest of us all— 
Whom duty cannot wake uor care molest, 
Xo more he'll answer to the boatswain's call, 
Xor can the guns loud roar disturb his rest. 

For^iu the solemn watches of the night. 
While darknesstbaffled those who fain would save, 
Death, lurking 'neath the cold and angry tide, 
Embraced our_comrade in a watery grave. 

Sweet be' thy sleep, 0, Charlie, thy sad lot 

Decreed'to thee a sailor's common end — 

An ocean burial, and by all forgot 

Save those who knew and loved thee as a friend. 

But who would barter fi-iendship's honest tear 
For that proud woe which rank and wealth assume: 
Thy mom-ners, though but few, are more sincere 
Than those who decorate a royal tomb. 

Comrade farewell! thy earthly cruise was brief — 
AYe all must bow before thy stern decree 
That calls us to attend a^higher chief, 
And ends our voyage on life's stormy sea. 

The tide of time proi^ells us swiftly on 

To that dark gulf which you have crossed before 

And sailing orders reach us, one by one. 

To join the fleet that haunts the eternal shore. 



SIIAXGIIAI, CIIIXA. 



S?ia7i(/?iai. 



Shanghai is the second sea port in China of importance, is situated on 
the Yang-fze-kiang river, 15 miles from the sea. It is divided into four 
towns, the French, English, American or Ilongkew. We are lying off 
American town which is the first town j'ou meet on going up the river, it 
has not heen long laid out, consequently has not as an imposing appearance 
as English town, it is inhabited chiefly by Chinese, There are as yet very 
few American or European residences here. The American Consulate and 
the Astor House, are the principal houses of European architecture. You 
come next to English town, and you l^are at once riding along a fine 
macadamized road that are kept verj' clean, the buildings are large, and 
built mostl}^ of white stone or granite. The have one beautiful little park, 
in which there is erected a large monument to the memory of H. M. B. 
officers and soldiers tljatfell in the war of 1872. Next French town, which 
is smaller than English or American town, the houses are principally small 
and of little importance. You come next to the old original Shanghai City or 
China town, which is divided by a high wall, and while they do not invite 
visitors, ycu are free to enter during the day, but at night the gates are 
closed, and it is not considered safe for auj' Europeans to be found there 
after nightfall. 

S)irisw7z of Settlement. 

The foreign selllemcnt is divided into three quarters— the French, 
Ameiicau, and Englith. These designations are given them for easy identifi- 
cation, and do not represent them as being quarters especially set apart for 
tlio location of the nationals whose names they take. Foi eigne: s or Chinese 
can alike re.'^ide in any quarters they may elect. 



23 CRUISE OF THE TEXNESSEH:. 

Gorer?ime?il of SJia?ig7iai. 

The p[ovei'niuent of Lhe place may be divided into two heads: the judical 
or paternal part, remaining entirely in the hands of the local foreign officials 
appointed by Western Governments, who deal with civil and criminal cases. 
The English Supreme Court is the only Imperial Court, The other Courts 
are Consular, with the exception of the Mixed Court. The Local Goverment, 
is carried on by Municipal Councils. 

In the extreme south settlement the French have a Council, while the 
Anglo-American sections are managed by one Council. The first bears the 
title of "Conseil de 1' Administration Municipale Francais," while the official 
designation of the latter is the "Council for the Foreign Commuuily of 
Shanghai." 

The French Consul, M. de Monligney, obtained in 1849 from the Chinese 
Government an assignment of space with which French subjects should be 
at liberty to acquire land und buy residences, etc. 

In 18G2, from an extension of the limits of the ground originally placed 
at the service of the French, the Consul established a seperate Council, 
which continued to administer its all'airs under the regulations framed 
jointly vpith his American and English colleagues. 

In 1SG8 a new code of regulations came into force, viz., the " Reglement 
d' Organization Municipale de la Concession Francaise," and the " Local 
Regulations and bye Laws," for the division of the foieign settlement north 
t)f the Yang-King-Pang. Both regulations have the same end in view. The 
po\vers to elect a committee or council to levy taxes at public meeting.-^, for 
lhe maintenance of the peace, good order, and governnieut of lhe settlement. 

The regulations for the French side, work well. In regard to those for 
the American districts, the Municipal Council in their Report for the year 
ended March Slst, 1877, says: — 

The affairs of the Municipality are in a prosjierous slate. The financial 
condition is satisfactory; the expenditure is 1.120 taels in excess of the 
leceipts. This was to be expected, seeing the unlooked-for burden falling 
upon the funds during the year just concluded. 

In Shanghai may be seen the essence of local self-government. Tlioy are 
however, laws to wdiich foreigner and native are alike amenable. 

The foreign councils administer the Municipal affairs. The arc elected 
by the community. They lax themselves, and, although Chinese do not sit; 
at lhe Council meetings, tlieir interests ari" largely represented and cared for 



CHINESE FESTIVALS AXD FEASTS. 2-t 

by an iiifliionlial and wealthy class of foreigners, having considerable 
interest in Chinese hoii;e pruperlj'. 

On the whole Shanghai is the best laid out city, and the most civilized 

one, that the "Tennessee" has visited. 



Chinese U olid ays. 



Yinig- Chi. 

A festival observed by all classes; it is also called Chang-shi-tsieh, or 
the time when the long days come, because then the suu begins to return, 
and the days grow longer. Officers go in state to worship the Emperor's 
tablet, and the peop)le adore their lares. — Eleventh moon, twenty-fifth daj'. 

Sie-Tsau. 

The Cod of the furnaco ascends to heaven to report upon the cuuduct 
of the Perfect August Shangti; hence people pay their adorations to that 
deity, sie-tsau, "thank the furnace." In some patts of China, this Shangti 
is regarded as the Supreme God in the Chinese pantheon, and it is supposed 
the other deities derive their power and position from him. 

This popular superstition, though not pecular to any one class, seems 
most closely allied to the taw sect. — Twelfth moon, twenty-fourth day. 

Zei-CJiunj . 

Festival of siiring. This daj", the period of the sun reac'.iiug the loth 
degree in Aquarius, one of tlie chief days of the Cliiuese calender, and is 
celebrated with great pomp as well bj^ the government as by the people. lu 
e\er3' capital city there are madt^, at this period, two clay images of a man 
andabuifalo. The daj' previous to the festival, tlie chief citj" magistrate, 
goes out ying-chin, "meet the spring," on which occ ision children are 
carried about ou men's shoulders, each vying wiih his neighbor in ths 
georgeousness and fancifulue.-s of the childreus dress. The following day, 
being the day of the festival, the perfect again appears as the Priest of 
Selling; in which capacity he is, for the day, the first man of the province. 
Hence the chirf officers do not move from home ou this day. After he has 



25 CKUJSE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

struck the Buffalo with a wliip two or three times, iu token of commencing 
the labors of agriculture, the populace then stone the image till they break 
it in pieces, and manj' of them carry off pieces of the clay to put on their 
fields, under the impression that a better crop will thereby be obtainecl. The 
The festivities continue ten days in some parts of the countrj% but the 
ceremony attending this festival differs greatly in different parts of China, 
in Canton it is not attended with much display. 

J\^e7t> Tear 

New Year is the onljf universal holiday iu China. Other times and sea- 
sons are regarded only by a few, or bj- particular classes, but the new-year is 
accompanied with a general cessation from business. The merchant, and the 
laborer equally desist from work, and zealously engage in visitiug and feast- 
ing — occasionally making offerings at the temples of those deities whose 
pecular aid they wish to implore. Government offices are nominally closed 
for about ten days before, and twentj' days after, new-year; during which 
period none but very important business is transacted. On the last evening 
of the old-year, all tradesmen's bills and small debts are paid, and inability 
to pass this time of settlement injures a man's credit, and usually results iu 
insolvencj-; while, too, the custom, by compelling an annual settlement of 
accounts, i:)revents many failures. This is perhaps the reason why it is 
called shu-seih, "the evening of dismissal." 

First moon, first duj-. 

Ag7'icultmrt2 Cere?no7?y . 

On a fortunate day in the third moon, the great agricultural ceremonj' 
is performed at Peking by the Emperor aud his ministers, and in all the 
provinces by the head officers of the Government. The ceremony consists iu 
holding a plough, highly ornamented, which is ke])t for the purpose, while 
the bullock which drags it is led over a given s]iaco. Tiie rule is the 
Emperor plough three furrows; the juinces five; and the high ministers 
nine. The furrows aie, however, so verj' short, that tiie later monarchs of 
the present dynasty have altered the ancient rule laid down b}' the 
predecessors of confucius, ploughing four furrows, and returning again over 
(he ground. The ceremony finished, the Emperor and his ministers repair to 
the terrace for inspecting tlie agricultural hiburs, and remain till the whole 
field has been plouglied by husbandn:en. The Emperor often appoints a 
proxy. 



cmiNiiSE FESTIVALS. I'O 

Twang -Wit . 

Festival of dniguu Uoats. On this day many people race backwards and 
forwards iu long uarmw boats, which, being painted and ornamented so as 
to resemble dragons, are called lunch iien, dragon boats. From the narrowness 
•yf the boats, and the number of persons ou board, there being sometimes 
trom sixty to seventj' paddles, it not unfrequeuily happens that several of 
the boats break in two; so that the festivities seldom conclude without the 
loss of several lives. The magestrates endeavour to re^^ress the ardor of the 
people by issuing their prohibitions, but the people arc led on bj' the excitf- 
meiit. The races are attended by thousands. 



UT (IJUISE OF THE TEXNESSKi:. 

JJmjnre of ,rapan . 

Miitsuhilo, Uio present Mikado or- Emperor, succeeded to the throji*; 
February 10, 18G7; was crowned October 13, 18G3. 

Au ancient and extensive Empire, consisting of several large and many 
small islands, said to comprise in all 3,800, the principal of which are 
Xiphon, (whtch in Japan givee name to the whole Empire), Sikok, Kiusiw, 
aud Yezo. the latter being a colonial dependency, situated at the eastern 
extremity of Asia, in the N. Pacific Ocean, between 31 45 30' N. lat. and 128 
40' 149 E. long. It comprises an area estimated at 155, 525 square miles 
with a population of 33, 110 825. Japan is said to possess a written history 
extending over 2,500 years, and that its sovereigns have formed an unbroken 
dynasty since GG B. c„ the present Emperor being the I23rd of his race. 

Within the last few years Japan has made unparalleled progress in 
civilization and the adoption of Western manners and customs. The feudal 
system under which the country w^s governed by numerous lords had been 
abolished, and the Mikado is now absolutely the sovereign of the stale. The 
Empire which was formerly excluded from intercourse with other countries, 
is now open to foreign commerce, consuls are appointed, aud are allowed to 
visit the interior of the country under certain; almost nominal restrictions. 
The islands are eminently volcanic, and several of the summits are still 
eruptive; the chief of these Fusi-yania, the sacred mountain of Japan, a few 
miles from Yedo, is 14, 177 feet high. The country in general is fertile, 
indented with magnificient harbors, and the soil is productive, teaming 
with every variety of agricultural produce. 

Foreign commerce is now being enc'Hiraged, and under treaties with 
several Europern States, the ports Nagasaki, Kanagawa, Iliogo, Ozaka^ 
Kiigata, Hakodate, and the city of Yedo, are thrown open to all nation?. 
Capital Tokio formerly called Yedo. 

Aspect of ,Ta2Jfffi . 

The geographical position of Japan would lead us to expect a flora 
American, Asiatic, and semi-tropical in its character. The rapid variations 
of temperature, heavy and continuous rains, succeeded by scorching heats 
aud the glare of an almost tropical sun, are accompanied and tempered by 
strong and constant winds. Hence we find semi-tropical vegetable forms in 
close contact with Northern temperate types. The aspect of nature in Japan, 
as in most volcanic countries, comprise a variety of gavage hideousness, 
appalling dr?tiuctiveues?, and almost hetvcnly beauty. From the mcuulaius 



£:M PI UF. ()]•' JAI'A.V. :;« 

Imrst volcaaic eruptions; from the laud coiue treiubliu;^'^; fioiu tho ocean 
vises the tidal wave; ovf r it blow the cyclone. Floods of rain in summer and 
autumn g;i\-e rise to inundations and land-slides. Durinfr three months of 
the year the inevitable, dreaded typlioon maj' be e.\:pected, as the invisible 
agent of hideous ruin. Alongf the coast the winds and currents are very 
variable, sunken and emerging rocks line the shore. All these make th<' 
dark side of nature to cloud the imagination of man, and to create the. 
nightmai-e of suj<erstition. But nature's glory outshines her temporary 
gloom, and in presence of her cheering smiles the past terrors are soon 
forgotten. The pomp of vegetation, the splendor of the landscape, and tlm 
heavenly gentleness of air and climate come to soothe and make vivacious 
the spirit of man. The seasons come and go well-nigh perfect regularity; tho 
climate at times reaches the perfection of that in a temperate zone-not too 
sultry in summer, nor raw in winter. A mojorily of the inhabitants rarely 
see ice over an inch thick, or snow more than twenty-four hours old. The 
average lowest point in cold weather is probabij' 20 Fahrenheit.**' 

The surrounding ocean and the variable winds temper the climate in 
summer; the Kuro Shiwo, the Gulf Stream of Pacific, raodofies the cold of 
winter. A sky such as ever arches over the mediterranean bends above 
Japan, the ocean walls her in. and ever green and fertile lands is hers. Witii 
healthful air, fertile soil, temperate climate, a land ot mountains and valley.^ 
with a coast-line indented with bays and harbors, food in plenty, a country, 
resplendent with natural beauty, but liable at any moment to awful desolat- 
ion and hideous ruin. 

^ntra7ice to Ye do !Baj'. 

To the right lie the two mountainous provinces of Awa and Kidzu">a, 
with their numerous serrated peaks and A'alleys, which may be beautiful, 
though now they sleep. To the left is the village of Uraga, opposite which 
Commodore Peny anchored, with his whole squadron of steamers, on the 
7th of July 1853. Remaining eight daj-s at this place, he was accorded what 
he first demanded — an interview with, and the reception of President 
Fillmore's letter by, an officer of high rank. After the ceremony, he gave the 
place the name of reception Bay, which it still retains. Now we pass Perry 
Island, Webster Ule, and on the opposite side. Cape Saratoga, Now we pass 
the buoy indicating the spot where lies the U. S. sloop-of-war Oneida, 
which was run into and sunk by the British mail steamer Bombay, January 
i'3, .870. This is sad; but the sequel is disgraceful. Down under the fathoma 
the Oneida has lain, thus far undisturbed, our Government having failed to 



L".» VKVl^K OF TilE TEXXESSEi:. 

trouble ilself to raise the sliip or do honor to the dead. Little did the 
Avriter dream wlien passing the forts at tlie entrance to Mobile Bay, on tho 
rnh of August 1SG4, side-by-side with the Oneida and her gallant crew, that 
he would ever pass over the grave of that noble little ship in Asiatic waters. 
The hulk was put up at auction and sold to a Japanese, for fifteen hundred 
dollars. This is the one sad thought that casts its shadow over the other- 
wise profound memories of which Yedo bay is so suggestive to Americans- 

From serene and ancient Fuzi yami the sacred mountain of Japan, wo 
^^urn to behold the bustling up.staft metropolis of the foreigners in Japan, 
as it appears in full daylight. Passing Mississippi Bay and Treaty Point, wc 
arrive in front of what was once a little fishing village, but which is no w 
the citj' of Yokohama. The town itself seems compactly built of low houses, 
with tiled-roofs. They are nsuallj' two-storied, though many of them are, in 
language of the East, "Bungalows," or one-storied dwellings. The foreign 
settlement seems to be arranged on a plan about a mile square. The Japaneso 
town spreads out another mile or more to the right. Beyond the plains, is a 
sort of semicircle of hills, called "the Bluff." It is covered with scores of 
handsome villas and dweMug houses, of all sizes and varieties of architect- 
ure. To the left the Bluff runs abruptly in to the sea. To the right it sweep- 
away to the south-west. In local parlance, the various parts of Yokohama 
are distinguished as "Bluff," " The Settlement," and tho "native" or 
"Japanese", town. Along the water front of the settlement runs a tine, wid<> 
well paved street, called "The Bund," with a stout wall of stone masonry 
ou the water-side. Private dwellings, gardens, and hotels adorn it, facing 
the water. There are as yet no docks for the shipping, but there is tho 
English and the French "hatoba." The former consists of a stone break - 
■water, or piers, rising twelve feet or so out of the water, inclosing a largo 
irregular quadrangle, with a narrow entrance at one corner. 

The French hatoba consists of two i^arallel pieTs of stone projecting out 
into the bay. The building of most imposing ugliness from the sea-view io 
the British Consulate, and near by it is the American. The Japanese Court 
house is larger than that of the Consulate buildings, and much handsomer. 

French and ^iif/lish Camps. 

At the other extremity of the settlement, toward the Bluff, was formerly 
the French camp, and near bj^ it the English. Three hundred French soldiers 
guarded as many French civilians resuleut in Japan, and three hundred 
English marines, who relieved the Tenth British foot — the same that served 
their king on Bunker Hill— were in camp in Yokohama in 1875, 



YOKOHAMA, JAPAN. 30 

The ^o7'eign Soors. 

The predomioaling culture, thought, mariners, dress, and household 
economy in Yokohama, as in all Eastern ports, is English. Outnumbering 
hll the others nationalities, with the Press, the Church, the Bar, and the 
Eanks in their own hands; with their ever-present navy; witli their unrival- 
led civil service, which furnishes so many gentlemanly officials; and with 
most of the business under their cnotrol, the prevalence of English thought 
and methods is very easily accounted for. Because of the very merits and 
t xcellences of the genuine Englishman, the American in the East can easily 
forgive the intense narrowness, the arrogant conceit, and, as relates to 
American affairs, the ignorance and fondly believed perfection of knowledge 
of so many who arrogate to themselves all the insular perfections. Perhaps 
most of the Englishmen at the East are fair representatives of England's 
best fruits; but a grievously large number, removed from the higher social 
presure which was above them, and which kept them at their true level in 
England, find themselves without that social presure in the East; and obey- 
ing the " law of pretun s," they are apt to become vaporous in their 
pretentions. Thes-e persons are even surprised to find even Ameiican 
enterprise in the East. They are the most ladical and finical ccnceiniig 
every idea, custom, ceremonj', or social despotism of any kind supposed to 
be English, These men help to form the army ot hard-heads and civilizeil 
boors in Japan, to which our own country lurnish recuits. They the 
foreigners who believe it their solemn duty, and who make it their regular 
practice, to traiu up their native servant "buys" in the way they should go 
by systematic whippings, beatings, and applications of the "boot." Fearful 
of spoiling cook, boy, or " beto" (hustlerj, they spare neither fist boot nor 
c«ne. In this species of brutality we (believe the vulger John Bulls to be 
the sinners above all the foreigners in the East. 



2igfit-liope }y at king. 

By kind permission of the officers of the U. S. Flag -ship Tenues-see, Mr. 
and Mrs. Verlelli gave an entertainment oii board Wednesday evening. Mr. 
Vertelh first peiformed on a tiapeze suspended from the main to the mizzeu 
masts, fiO fet-v abuve the deck, and asked if any one would volunteer to go 
on his back, when one of our men J. S. Peacock mounted the bridge and 
was carried across in tafety, after which he gave an exhibition in magic 
mysterj-, and ventriloquism. The men were highly jjleased with the eulei- 
tainment, and ga\e t^ubstamial eviileiice Lif tl.eir gratificaiiiii 1 y piesenting 
Iheif entertainers with a j)iiiv<e of kVM. 



31 CraMSE OF THE TEXXESSEi:. 

Th e Missiori artes . 

Misbiouaries abouud ia Yokoliama, engaged in the work of teaching, 
and converting the natives to the various forms of the Christain religiou. 
It is a little curious to note the difference in the sentitnent concerning 
missionaries on different sides of the ocean. Comming from the atmosphere 
and influences of the sunday-school, the church, and the various religious 
activities, the missionaries seem to most of lis an exalted being, who 
•leserves all honor, respect, and sympathy. Arrived among the people in 
Asiatic ports, one learns, to his surprise, that missionaridi, as a class, are 
•' wife-beaters," " swearers," " liars," " cheats," " hypocrites," '' defrauders," 
etc., etc. etc. That they occupy an abnormally low scocial plane, that they 
are held in contempt and open scorn by the " merchants," and by society 
generally. 



Audacious :Soat^ace. 

May 1-, 1877. The race between the barge "Magic" (14 oars) of the U. S. 
Flag-ship Tennessee, and "Albert" (VQ> oars) of 11. M. S. Audacious, for the 
championship of the Asiatic Station, came off this afternoon. The " Magic" 
is a sister boat to the celebrated barge Daring, and of the two, is considered 
the better. She is built of oak and cypress, and was constructed by the 
builder of the Daring, Mr Hepenstall, at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, New 
York. Her length is 31 feet 4 in. and breadth not quite 8 feet, she carries a 
crew of 14 men; and while as buoyant on the water as a duck she is easilj' 
manageable. The Adacious boat Albert, was built on purpose for the Prince 
..f Wales when he visited Canada, Admiral Kyder was then Captain of the 
Hero, the vessel whicli conveyed the Prince; and on returning to England 
presented Captain Ryder with the boat. She is built in three water-tight 
compartments, and is therefore a life-boat. Her dimenions are, length 36 
feet 1 inch, breadth 8 feet 1 inch, depth 2 feet 5 inclis, weight two tons. 

The present race was brought about through a challenge from the xMagic 
and was fixed to take place at five o'clock. Much interest was evinced in 
the contest, both boats having raced before, though not together, and both 
Ijeing winners — the Magic having never been beaten. The Audacious barge 
was beaten tmce in Shanghai by a French boat, but carried all liefore her in 
Hongkong. Notwithstanding the roughness of the weather, quite a number 
of visitors congregated on the men-of-war, anmngst whom was a fair 
average of ladies, to witness the cintest. Others braved, tlvj perils of the 



Boat ka( j:. vd 

water, iu saDimns and opeu boats submhled palienJj- to be tossed up and 
down aud to an occasional sprinkling of salt water. As the liour approach- 
ed for starting, the sides of the merchant versels and all the men-of-war 
were lined with anxious spectator^; w hilst those who cuuld not get a satis- 
factory view on deck went aloft. By half-past four o'clock both boats were 
manned and on the water, the Magic being under the guidance of AVilli.'<, 
with a crew of fourteen men. The Audacious barge had a crew of sixteen 
men. with Basant coxswain. Two finer looking crews it would be difficult to 
find. All equally stout, healthy aud hardy looking fellows, it would be 
dfficult for a stranger to say, with any correctness, which of the two crew.s 
WHS the best; and as the two boats lay, tossing about on the water it was 
not easy to distinguish which was the winning boat. 

A strong north-easterly wind had been blowing all the afternoon, whicli 
was at its height by the time the boats were ready for starting, aud con- 
sequentlj' the water was very lumpy. Two boats were moored near the flag- 
ships between which were the starting and winning points. Finding tliat 
the j)reliminaries took rather longer tlian was anticipated, an effort w«.s 
made to get the contestants awaj^ on equal terms by means of a line drawn 
between two moored boats, which, however, the high winds and roughne^.s 
of the water rendered completly futile, and much time was lost iu the 
attempt. At length it was resolved to start them without the line, which 
was accordingly done. The starter having got them well in line, hailed the 
coxswains, " All ready?" " Yes," was the response. The word "Go" was then 
given, and the oars dipped simultaneously. A wild cheer came from 
liundreds of tlironts on the "Tennessee" which was echoed from the 
" Audacious " and other vessels. Before the shipping was well cleared, the 
Magic had otablished a lead of a couple of lengths, and it was there seen 
that she cut through the water much cleaner than her competitor, who 
labored heavily and shi^jped a deal of water. 'J he ciew of the Audacious 
started on forty-two strokes to the minute aud the Jlagic on thirty-eighi. 
As they neared the light-bhip, which was the turning point, makiijg the 
course about three miles in length, the water became rougher and broke 
over the starbord bows of both boats. By this time the Magic had establisli- 
ed a good lead; and it was plainly visible that she would give the other a 
bad beating. She turned Treaty Point four minutes ahead of the Audacious, 
aud made for home at the same speed she had been going, still rowing 
thirty-eight and still increasing her lead. The crew of the other still kept 
up their forty strokes to the minute, occasionally rowing at forty-four. The 
Magic now had got nearly mile and a half of a lead, won the race nearly 
Seven minutes in advance ^:i her competitor. Dcafnii g cheers greeted both 
loats as they armed. 



33 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

Lieutenant Goodrich, of the Audacious, acted as starter and judge; and 
Midshipman C. M, Winslow, of the Tennessee was Umpire for the Magic. 
The following is a list of the Magic's crew: 

Geo. K. Willis, Coxswain, 
Edward Langdon, William Clarke, 

William Sutton, John Campbell, 

Robert Pattison, . Patrick Doherty, 

Frank Smith, John E. Sullivan, 

Michael Sullivan, John Chapel), 

John Joyce, Frank W. Brown, 

Baptiste Charles, Charles J. Cox, 

The "Magic" is the barge of Rear Admiral William Reynolds, Command- 
ing U. S. Naval Force on the Asiatic Station. 



^uji-Yaina. 

Karaakoura, fifteen miles from Yokohama — Letter known to foreigners 
from the proximity of the colossal bronze statue of Buddha than from any 
historical associations— is the scene of actions of half the romantic and 
heroic histories of the country. Huge temples, broad avenues, vast flights 
of steps, and stately groves of trees still mark the site of tlie ancient capital 
of Japan, are still relics of the days when heroism and chivalry went haud- 
in-hand, and when Dai-Xiphon, "Peerless Japan," as her sons still love to 
call her, was alone in her majesty, and unknown to the world of "outer 
barbarians." North of Jeddo lies Nikko, the lovely burial-place of lye Yas 
founder of the Tokugawa line of Shoguns— a veritable" piece of heaven 
dropped on earth," a cluster of fairy temples set in a frame-work of some 
of the finest woodland scenery of the country. Away north again are the 
famous shrines of Ise, to which every Japanese who can do so makes a pil- 
grimage at least once in his lifetime. But all the pride and reverence of the 
Japane'se are centred in the great mountain Fuji- Yama. The glory uf the 
regular, pure-white cone, rising from the plain, and towering over the petty 
hills scattered to the right and left, has been sung by Japanese poets from 
time immemorial. Well-omened the house so situated so as to commaud a 
view of the mountain; fortunate the man who can show among his house- 
hold treasures the duly signed certificate of bis having made its ascent. 
Scarsely a screen, or a tray, or a lacquered bowl exists on which the well- 
known shape of the mountain is not portrayed. Ignorant rustics can not be 
convinced t^at there are spots in the world from whence the cone can not 
be descried. To the citizens of Jeddo it is a barometer, a protective genius, 
a sight to amaze the foreign visitor; to the peasant it is a something so sub- 
lime and grand as not to be spoken of without reverence. 



CELEBRATIXG THE CEXTENMAI.. U 



The C€?ite7i7iia2 Wi ^TidV' 

The celebration of the Centennial 4th Julj', was worthily observed at all 
the open ports in China and Japan. In Shanghai, a party of Americans en- 
gaged the steamer "Fire Queen" and took an excursion down the river to 
below Woosung. In the course of the trip the U. S, Consul Mr Meyers was 
called upon and made an excellent speech; and many patriotic toasts were 
proposed and responded to. In the evening the house of the U. S. Consul- 
General was thrown open to visitors of all nationalities, and the multitudes 
who availed themselves of Mr Meyers ' hospitalities were welcomed with 
an open-handed heartiness. 

At Chefoo the celebration was as marked as so limited a community 
could make it. A salute of 21 guns was fired in front of the Consulate at 
noon. A performance under the title of a ' Grand Centennial Performance 
was given by the Amateur Dramatic Club (not the Centennial "Wanderers of 
the Tennessee) which did not break up until 2 a. m. on the 5th. 

In Tokio, Japan, the Americans of Yokohama and Yeddo combined 
together to celebrate the day. U. S. Consul-General Yan Buren, and a 
great number of Americans assembled at the Seyoken Hotel at Ooyeno and 
lias?ed a most enjoyable time; while the "Tennessee" flag-ship of the Asiatic 
Station, had previuosly left for Kobe, a nice quiet little sea port in Japan, 
about 380 miles from Yokohama, where there are verj^ few Americans, and 
much to the disapointment of the crew, who anticipated celebrating the 4th 
in a manner becoming an American flag-ship. Xo matter in what quarter of 
the globe one of our ships may chance to be, the " blue jackets" are always 
ready with their scanty purses as well as every other means in their 
Ijower to help any person in distress, assist widows and orphans, or celebiate 
a National Holiday. On this occasion we had some difficulty in obtaining 
funds to carry out the intended programme. For this we can only blame 
our Executive in not doing his part (having the money served out). It was 
not until the very last moment had the neccessary funds been obtained. It 
had been raining for several days, and after waiting patiently all the fore- 
noon for the weather to moderate, concluded to celebrate the day Rain or 
Shine. A splendid dinner had been ordered from shore, tables arranged 
fore and aft the lenght of the ship, decorated with flags and evergreens, and 
loaded down with all the delicacies of the season. Having done justice to 
the dinner, next came the Aquatic Sports, which presented the following 
programme. — 



35 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 




^776. ^^^msSSSifi /876. 



JULY 4th. 
Cente7i7iiat Anniversary of A77ie7'ican Indepe7tdence . 



THE CRKW OF THE 

Will chase each other around these heathen waters as follows: 

FIEST EACE.— 3.30 p m. 
Open to all Government built CUTTERS, excepting the Tennessee's Cutter- 
Barge "Magic." Distance, about two miles, with two turns. 

First Prize $20, Second Prize SIO. 

SECOND RACE.— 3.50 p. m. 
For Single-Banked WHALE-BOATS. Same Course. 

Prize $15. 

THIRD RACE.— 4.15. p. m. 
Tennessee's LIFE-FLOATS— Dreadnought and Dauntless, 
Distance, 1,000 yards. 
Prize &5. 

FOURTH RACE.— 4.30. 
MERRIMAN'S PATENT LIFE SUITS. Distance, 1,000 yards. 
Prize S5. 

Winding np with a Race for the Championship of all Asia, between the 

Tennessee's CATAMARANS Lightning Bug and Firefly. 

Prize Chajipiox Flag and Game Cock. 

Doors open at 3 p. m. Children in arms not admitted. 
No dogs or Jiurikshas allowed on the Course. — 



CELEBRATING THE CENTENNIAL. SG 

BeLween the acts the •' Tenuessee's " Band played Airs and Selections by 
the following celebrated composers. — 



I — ^ — • 

Ttiesdajy Jtity A, 7876. 

Star Spangled Banner. 

Centennial Hymn — Converse. 

Grand March— " Kearsarge " Murphj\ 

Overture — Le Cheval de Bronze Auber. 

AValtz — Post-Horn Eossi. 

Selection — La Grand Duchesse «. Offenbach. 

Gallop — Wings of Love Meyder. 

Quadrille — The American Marriott. 

Waltz — The Duchesse Farmer. 

Selection — La Fille de Madame Angot Lecocq. 

Solo-Mazurlca — Zikoff. 

Waltz— Queen of the Ecses Godfrey. 

Gallop — Journey for Luck Faust. 

J. Meyrelles, 

Band Master. 

On the following day the U. S. S. Monocacj', presented the same 
programme, having postponed the celebration in consequence of the rain. 



HAKODATE, JAPAN. 



JTakodate, J^cipan. 



Hakodate is the most northern of the open ports of Japan, situated in 
41 40' N. lat. and 141 15' E. long. The town stretches threw miles alonnj the 
base of a lofty promontory, which juts out into the stait of T'zagar, from 
the southern extemity of the island of Yesso. It is connected with the main- 
land by a low narrow isthmus, and separated from the raouat.iiaous region 
to the north by a plain bordered by an amphitht^atre of liills. The adjacent 
.scenery is striking and picturesque, closely resembling that of Gibraltar- 
H. was ceded to the Tycoon by the Prince of Matsumai ia 1854. It was then 
a poor fishing-village, but is likely to become a place of much political and 
commercial importance. It is at present a small town with al)out 1000 
houses of a single story, fragile wooden buildings with shingle roiif-i, which 
are retained in their place by coble stones. Each house has on its roof a tub 
tilled with water for use in c.tse of (ire. The streets are between 30 and 40 
feet wide, clean, and well drained, and macadamized. Considering the 
latitude of 11., its climate is severe, and during its winter season the ther- 
mometer has been found to indicate 18 below zero. The snow disappears 
about the beginning of April (though it often lies on the mountains until 
mid-summer; and torrents of raiu, brought up from the Pacific by the south- 
east wind, quickly deluge the recently snow-denuded ground, Tlu' harbor 
is one of the finest in the world, but difficult of access. The whalemen, who 
find in the neighboring seas a rich field for the pursuit of their calling, here 
obtain, at a cheap rate, supplies of potatoes, this important esculent having 
been recently cultivated with great success by the natives. By article three 
of the Treaty of Yeddo (August l-'O, IS'iS,) II. was, together with Kauagowa, 
and Nagasaki, opened to foreign commerce from July Ist, 1859. In 18G9, 
Japan passed through a great political revolution, by which the office of 
Tycoon was abolished. In June, the Mikado's forces attacked Hakodate 
which was occupied by the rebels, and a great part of the town laid iu 
ashes. 



HAKODATE, JAPAX. .18 

Hakodate Sept. 27, 1877. A boat race between the gigs of the Tennessee 
and the U. S. S. Alert, was rowed over a three mile course, from a stake 
boat anchored in the inner harbor, to the light-ship and retm-n. Previous to 
the race the Tennessee's boat was the favorite, having already won a repu- 
tatation in the East, and had never been beaten but once. While the Alerts 
on the other hand were -willing to go their last cent on their boat, although 
an almost untried boat, having had but one race before. At the start the 
race was quite close the Tenuessees's boat having a slight lead, on rounding 
the light-ship tried to hug it too close and lost her headwaj^ and before she 
could be got around the Alert's coxswain taking advantage of the opening 
between his opponent and the light-ship, shot his boat through, slightly 
fouling the after oars of the Tennessee's boat, who claimed a "foul," but 
continued the race, comming in 20 seconds behind. The race was decided in 
favor of the Alert. The Tennessee's protested, and offered to renew the race 
which offer was declined until the other stakes were given up. This brought 
forth a "howl" from the big ship, "when the Mexicans like dirt, was sent on 
board the Alert, to founder that gun-boat completely." 



J'a2)a7iese Alartns. 

Japan has been troubled by two distinct insurectionary movements, 
brought about by different considerations, and possessing no common 
source of action. The first was that the Samurai, or Shizoku: the second, 
that of the farmers. Fortunately for the Government, these classes have few 
interests, and still fewer sj'mpathies in common. Both may, as in this 
instance, oppose government action; but they do so "without combining. AVe 
might as well expect to see Thurlow Weed and Henry A. Wise stumping 
the states in harmony as the proud Shizoku and the humble Heimen unit- 
ing in opposition to their rulers. In the case of the Samurai the discontent 
was caused not so much by the new changes in their pensions, as was orig- 
inally supposed, as by hostility to the Government for encouraging foreign 
intercourse. The old leeling against foreigners has been dormant for some 
time; but it exists, and grievances are looked upon as the result of foreign 
influence. In the case, of the Kumamoto riots, it appears that the feeling 
■was not so strongly manifested against foreigners themselves as against the 
Japanese officials who support them and imitate their habits. The Samurai 



39 CRUISE OF THE TEXXESSEE. 

acknowledofe the power of the foreigners; but they cannot forgive those who 
imitate them. These half-educated soldiers see no reason why Japan should 
be so rapily Europeanized, and they consider those who support such a 
policy the worst enemies of their country. And as a matter of fact, much of 
the distress and difficulty that exist in Japan is traceable to foreign inter- 
course. Eice, owing in part to the exports, has in many places doubled in 
value, and it forms the staple article of food with the bulk of the popula- 
tion. Gold coin, which was so plentiful, has almost disappeared from general 
circulation; and this is not unjustly laid to the charge of English trade. The 
decreased allowance of all the old pensioners of the countrj'-, though not so 
clearly traceable to the same cause, is generally ascribed to it, and the 
result of all this is that there is in Japan a strong party who hate the new 
regime and despise those who are at the head of affairs. The European 
dress and uniform, now almost universal with officials and militarj', is to 
them what the red flag is to the Andalusian bull. Careless of results, and 
without any definite aim, these Samurai rose, fought, and died. There was 
something grand in this small insurrection. "Some of its episodes were very 
striking. In one place 190 men, inspired with a kind of fanatical patriot- 
ism, swore to kill an equal number of their renegade countrymen, or die in 
the attempt. How many of this band are now alive is unknown, but 
certainly most and not improbably all of them fell in the struggle or were 
executed afterwards, or themselves committed hara-kiri. The frenzy in 
some cases possessed their wives, who on the failure of the movement killed 
themselves. Most of those who, like the leader, Mayebara, were tried and 
beheaded, showed the greaest coolness and courage. They gloried in their 
fate, and used their last moments to upbraid their captors and deplore the 
fate of their country. The following is a translation of the " last dying 
speech " of one of the inferior rebels: — 

A ^ytng SpeecJi. 

" Glorious country of Nippon, I am about to die for thee. Friends, let 
my head fall, my heart still beats for my country. I have not dishonored 
mj' ancestors; they will not reproach me. I join them without fear. I hate 
not the foreigners, but I hate the traitors of Nippon who suffer them to 
enter our land. Powerful are the barbarians, but we wish no trade with 
them. They cheat us with false treaties. Let me die a patriot; I have no 
fear. Like the bold-hearted Mayebara, I would rather die than live in a 
dishonored country. I am ready, Let the bold man slay rae and I will 
thank him." 



NIXG HAT, CIIIXA. 40 

The Great yfatl of China. 

Another world-famous structure is the Great Wall — called Wan-li-chaug 
( myriad -mile-wall ) by the Chinese — which was built by the first emperor 
of the Tsin dynasty about 220 b. c. as a protection against the Tarter tribes. 
It traverses the northern boundary of China, extending from 3^ E. to 15 W. 
of Peking, and is carried over the highest hills, through the deepest vallej's, 
and across every other natural obstacle. The length of this great barrier is 
1250 miles. Including a parapet of 5 feet, the total height of the wall is 20 
feet; thickness of the base, 25 feet; and at the top, is 15 feet. Towers or 
bastions occur at intervals of about 100 yards. These are 40 feet square at 
the base, and thirtj^ feet at the summit, which is 37 feet, and in some 
instances 48 or 50 feet, from the ground. Eai-th enclosed in brick-work 
forms the mass of the wall; but for more than half its length it is little else 
than a heap of gravel and rubbish. 

The Tennessee visited several of the most northern ports in China, and 
also anchored off Ning hai, a place where the wall terminates by running 
into the sea. Several of our officers and crew landed for the purpose of 
inspecting the wall, which is said to be one of the "seven wonders" of the 
world, and on returning to the ship, carried back with them, bricks enough 
to supply all hands with a piece of the great wall. Ou the return home of the 
Tennessee, each man will be found to have a brick (if not in his hat) most 
certainly in his clothes-bag. 



2'he Meathen C?miese. 



The population of China proper is estimated at 414, 68G, 994: the 
dependencies, Mantchouria, 3, 000, 000; Mongolia, 3, 000, 000; Thian-shan, 
1,000,000; Thibet, 11,000,000; Corea, 9,000,(300, and Loo Choo, 500,000— a 
total population of 477,500,000. 

The Chinese belong to that variety of the human species distinguished 
by a mongolian conformation of the head and face, A tawny or parchment- 
colored skin, black hair, lank and coarse, a thin beard, oblique eyes, and 
high cheek-bones, are the principal characteristics of the race. The average 
height of the Chinaman is about equal to that of the European, though his 
muscular power is not so great, the women are disproportionately small, 
and have a broad uppe*' face, low nose, and liner eyes. Of the general char- 



41 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

acter of the Chinese, it is not easy to form a fair and impartial judgment; 
and those who have resided long in the country, and know them well, have 
arrived at very different conclusions. M. Hue asserts that they are 'destitute 
of religious feelings and beliefs,' 'sceptical and indiffirent to everything 
that concerns the moral side of man.' As regards valor, their annals record 
deeds akin to the courage ef antivuity; they have no fear of death, commit 
suicide as the solution of a difBculty, and endure the most cruel tortures 
with a passive fortitude; but neither their arms nor discipline enable them 
to stand before European forces. 

A Chinaman, has wonderful command of feature; he generally looks 
most-pleased when he has least reason to be so, and maintains an expression 
of imperturbable politeness and amiability, when he is sceretly regretting 
devoutly that he cannot take your life. Chinese cookery, in the use of made 
dishes, more nearly resemble the French than the English. Birds' nests 
soup, sharks fins, deer-sinews, and ducks tongues, amongst its delicacies. 
The wine, or weak spirit (tsew), more correctly speaking, used by the 
Chinese is made from rice; and from this, again, they distil a stronger spirit, 
the 'samshoo' of Canton. 

Long naiLs are fashionable. The costume of the women differs but little 
from that of the men, and their shoes are the most remarkable jDart of their 
toilet. A lady's shoe measures about B inches from the heel to the toe. The 
feet of the Tarter women are left as nature made them, but amongst the 
Chinese, all young girls of the better classes are crippled by a tyrant 
custom. In early infancy the feet are tightly bound, the four small toes 
being tucked under the sole, of which, after a time, they become a part, and 
aud the heel is brought forward. The process is at length complete, stumps 
have been substituted for the ordinarv pedal extremities, and the Chinese 
lady totters on her goats feet. 



JAPANESE THEATRE 



A Japanese Theah'e. 

I -went on shore early in the afternoon in company with my friend 
Perley, and took "Tiffin" at a well appointed Restam-ant on Eenten Dorie, 
where a pretty little Japanese girl named Kenosan waited on the table, and 
kept up such a lively conversation in broken English, Japanese, and Portu- 
guese, that we did not put in an appearance until three o'clock. 

In this country they adopt the plan of playing in the day-time. They 
often commence at 6 a. 3r. and go on until 6 p. m. The building was of 
wood, with a mean entrance enough. Ic was a large building, the part 
corresponding to our pit being unseated, as no Japanese sits cusomarily as 
we do on a seat, but literally on their heels. The floor was therefore simply 
matted with nice clean mats called tatami, made of straw and about two 
inches thick, so that they are soft and comfortable. The people leave their 
getas (wooden clogs, universally worn in the street) at the door, in charge of 
a proper person who gives them a ticket just like the attendants in the 
hat-room of our ball-rooms. They then go and take up their position on the 
mats quite independantly. The pit was divided into squares each capable of 
accommodating six. person?. The stage occupied one end, a kind of gallery 
running along the other three fides of the house, divided into what I 
dignify immenselj' if I call them boxes. 

The admission fee to natives was ridiculously small; but froin us they 
exacted a rate something more than double the highest price paid by their 
own countrymen, and even then it was little enough. It was onlj' two 
ichibus — Ichi-bu (one bu) is now as nearly as possible to a quarter of a 
dollar. 

Having paid our money and entered the building, we met with a sight 
that, for the moment, dispelled all our notions of Japanese cleanliness. We 
ascended some rough bamboo ladder-like stepp,and reached the boxes (as 
we will continue to call them^; and being taken to one in the verj^ best 
position, those who occupied it most obligingly rose to vacate it and make 
iccmforns. This we objected to; but they insisted, and so we were com- 
pelled to acquiesce; and made ourselves as comfortable as we could. There 
was no seats— only the matting as before described; but they brought a 
strcrg land oo, and placed it across the box, resting the ends on the two 
.cides. and en this wc felt very much like the ancient niggar — "silting on a 
rail." 



43 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

The place was full; and as the curtain was down or rather un-drawn — 
for it does not fall, but runs along on^Ioops from side to side— we had plenty 
of time to take a good look about us before the next act commenced. 

As the performance is so long, and by day, most people were engaged 
in regailing the inner man. They can take their food with them; but 
generally it is supplied by houses specially connected with the theatre, the 
proprietors of which act as agents, and take the tickets, secure the places, 
provide the tabe-mono (food), give a .written bill of the amount, and 
receipt when it is paid. The food is served in lacquered boxes in nests of 
four or five, the bottom of one fitting into the top of the lower ones, the 
uppermost having a flat cover similarly lacquered. These are beautifully 
made, and easily kept clean as the lacquer resists the strongest acids. There 
are no knives or forks every one using the chop-sticks. 

The majority of the audience was of the softer sex; generally very nice- 
ly got up, their hair beautifully arranged according to the fashion of the 
country, and looking so bright and cheerful, that it did one good to see 
them. To our astonishment we saw in a box directly opposite to ours, an old 
lady with an opera-glass. My friend Perley, seeing her turn it on us, rose 
and made her a very polite bow, after the manner of the Japanese them- 
selves; which so tickled her fancy, that she burst out into laughter; and 
directing the attention of all around her to our box. 

Of the actors I am inclined, to speak very highly. The seem more 
perfect than our own; and as they are thoroughly and exclusively trained to 
their profession, from their youth up, their action is wonderful. Like our 
own, their stage has its traditional tones, steps and gestures, and so excell- 
ently they do suit the action to the word, that although I knew no Japanese 
whatever, I could quite follow the sense of the play. 

Altogether we were much interested and surprised with our first visit 
to a Japanese theatre. 



IIU-VU KOXti, CHINA. 4-!: 



Horg Kong is one of those islands called by the Portuguse "Ladrones," 
or "Thieves," from the notorious habits of its old inhabitants. The colony — 
which is described as exceedingly beautiful, possessing one of the fines-t 
harbors in the world, surrounded by lofty hills rising between 1,000 and 2,000 
ftet high, — was first taken possession of by Great Britain in January, 1842. 

Hong Kong is thought by many to be an integral part of the Chinese 
empire, it is realj' one of the numerous out-lying portions of the British 
possessions. The names of its principal street, its local government and a 
large part of its inhabitants are English. The history of its becoming a 
British possession is two well known, however, to allow me any excuse for 
introducing it here. 

The town itself is situated on an island of that name, the straits 
between it and the mainland being only about a quarter of a mile broad. On 
the right lies the mainland, the chief objects in the landscape being the 
walled citj- of Carloon peeping over the ridge of gray hills, lower Carloon 
on the water's edge, and a bran new custom house. The aspect of Ilongknug 
is singularly beautiful, as the position and plan of the city become clear to 
the arrival. Built on the steep side of a mountain known as Victoria peak, 
the whole place is laid out in terraces, the handsome houses, in clusters of 
trees and gardens of bright flowers looking like so many parterres in one 
large pleasure ground. 

The steets are splendidly kept, and, with the profusion of trees, look 
like a carriage drive through a forest. Further up the hill lies the park, 
with a stream of water from the peak running through it and winding 
walks traversing it like a labyrinth. The English portion of the city is quite 
distinct from the Chinese, and its principal street Queen's road, is a broad 
thoroughfare flanked on each side by imposing public buildings. In the 
Chinese quarter, however, cleanliness is the exception. The houses are 
generally large, but crammed full of people like bees in a hive. But though 
the nAtive and English quarters are distinct, nianj' of the wealthier and 
English speaking Chinese merchants have their stores on Queen's road. In 
place of the Japanese jinrikshas, the Chinese have a singular conveyance 
hhaped very much like a £cdan chair, only instead of being borne in the 
hands at arm's length is caried on the shoulders. These chairs are carried by 



45 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

two, three or four Chinamen, according to the distance or the weight of 
passenger. They are especially useful in a hilly city like Ilong kong, where 
climbing the streets is a matter of great fatigue, and where horses could 
scarsely be of use. The legal fare is ten cents an hour, but generarally 
grumble if half a dollar is tendered, especially if you are an American. All 
over the East there are two prices put on everything, one for the European 
and another for the American, the latter paying twice as much as the 
former. 

Of course everybody who visits Ilong kong makes the ascent of Victoria 
peak, so one afternoon, we took two chairs and started up the hill. The 
distance by road is two miles and a dalf and the height 1,700 feet. Agile 
and sure footed as the chair bearers are, they could only take us about half 
waj', when we had to climb the rest of the distance. At the summit is an 
arrangement of flag statfs on which are hoisted the signals of incoming ships. 
Near it a lookout house fitted with telescopes, and as soon as a speck is 
sighted up goes the union jack; then, as the vessel nears, her nationalit}', 
and then her rig, and so on. A single piece on cannon and a miserable bust 
of the Queen complete the ornaments of the peak, which is little else than a 
high, bare rock. 

Hong kong as in all British possessions, the inhabitants are poor, 
everybody is taxed from the Coolie Chair-man to the wretched boat-women 
that live in sanpans on the river, and subsist on the scum of the water. It 
is a sad sight to see one of those poor creatures with an infant tied on her 
back and three or four children holding un the side uf the boat, waiting 
for the crumbs of hard tack that fall from our schute. This is the effects 
of British misrule iu China. 



THE CENTENNIAL WANDERERS, 46 



The Ce7iten7iia2 }fanderers. 

January 1st. 1877. The " Centennial Wanderers" ( Tennessee's Minstrel 
Troupe) gave an entertainment on board, which was well attended by botli 
officers and men belonging to the English and German men-of-war in port, 
the audience numbering upwards of 1,500; people, when the following 
programme was presented: 



MANAGER, 
MUSICAL DIRECTOR. 


JOHN GILL. 
L. MOESLEIN. 


PROGRAMME: 


Aria Finale nell' Opera Lucia 


T)c\r\\7.r\\.\\. 





TART I.— MINSTRELSY 

Introductory Overture Orchestra. 

Opening Chorus, J. S. Peacock and Company. 

My Love to all at home D. Bowen. 

Battle of the Yang-tsze-kiang, J. Gill. 

Ella Rhee, E. P. Wood. 

Little Crossing Sweeper," W. II. Frazier. 

Ups and Downs of the " Tennessee," J. Gill. 



Gallop Genevieve de Brabant Mallach. 



PART II.-VARIETY. 

Irish Character Song, J, Kane. 

Song and Dance, W. II. Frazier. 

Then comes the Important Question 
WHO OWNS THE CLOTHES LINE! 

Mr. and Mrs. O'Donovan, J. Kane. 

Mr. and Mrs. O'llogan, J. P. O'Donnell. 

il AZURKA 777 "ALICE" arr. by W. ErdmaTu^ 

Remarks on Intervention, Hon. E. P. Wood. 

Echoes from the Rhine ED. Irving. 

Excelsior Jig, J. P. O'Donnel!. 



47 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 



QUADRILLE, LA SOMNAMBULA Albert. 

To conclude with the great moral Drama entitled, 
A TERRIBLE EXAMPLE! 
Or the mysteries of Temperance Hall. 

Terrence O'Malley (President) J. Kane. 

Petroleum Nasby, ('Secretary) H. Long. 

Labrador Leatherears ' (An Orator) 11. Church. 

Squibbs (The Terrible Example) J. Gill, 

Hans, f Members of the International Glee "I ED. Irvinfr. 

Pomp, \ Club, with Excruciating Songs, I E.P.Wood. 

Teddy, [ J W, H. Frazier. 

Landlord, D. Bowen. 

Mrs. Bradly, J. P. O'Donnell. 

ADMISSION FREE. CHILDREN UNDER 45 HALF-PRICE. 



Curtain rises at 7 SO p. m. 
Gondolas may be ordered to the main entrance at 10. 45. Long range 
Opera Glasses may be obtained from the Signal Quarter-master. Kefresh- 
ments will be furnished from a well stocked scuttle-butt in the basement. 
No Peanut venders allowed in the Hall. 



:Sa77ff-kok, Stani . 

The King of Siam, at the suggestion of one our naval ofiBcers, requested 
Mr. Chandler, at the time an American citizen residing at Bang-kok, to 
prepare at his expense such a display as would do justice to his kingdom 
at the Phiadelphia International Exhibition of 1876, and a very complete 
series of articles was accordingly brought together for the purpose. Owiug 
to some dfficulty, however, with the United States consul at Bang-kok, Mr, 
Chandler was arrested and imprisoned for a time, and the exhibit detained 
for a number of months. It has, however, reached San Francisco some 
time ago, and is now on its way to Philadelphia. The collection occupies 
218 cases, with a bulk of nearly 1200 cubic feet. The entire exhibit has been 
presented by the king to the United States, and will doubtless in time 
occupy a conspicuous place in the National Museum at Washington. 



BANG-KOK, SIAM. 4» 



Trip to Siatn . 

On the 4th of January the Tennessee left Hongkong, for Bankok, Siam, 
and arrived at the mouth of the Menam river Gulf of Siam, on the 11th. A3 
the draught of the Tennessee would not admit of crossing the bar, Admiral 
Reynolds trausfen-ed his flag to the U. S. S. Ashuelot. and proceeded to 
Bang-kok taking, Admiral Reynolds and Lady, his Slaff, and several of the 
officers, also the Tennessee's Band and Marine Guard. 

One of the most wonderful cities in the world is Bang-Kok, the Capital 
of Siam. On either tide of the wide, majestic stream, moored in regular 
streets aud alleys, extending as far as the eye can reach, are upwards of 
70,000 neat little houses, each one floating on a compact raft of bamboos; 
and the whole intermediate space of the river is one dense mass of ships, 
junks, and boats of everj' conceivable shape, color and size. 

The vistors were cordially entertained by the Simmese authorities. In 
response to an invitation from Admiral Reynolds the King of Siam, visited 
the Tennessee on the 30th. His Majesty stean.ed down the baj"" in the Royal 
yacht, accompanied by a minature fleet of steamers, on coming on board 
was received with all the honors due to his rank. The Roj'al party remained 
on board several hours, during which the crew was exercised at battallion 
drill, great guns, and torpedo practice. Being invited to participate in the 
torpedo practice he seemed somewhat startled, when, on placing his finger 
on the filing key, an explosion followed which raised an immense column 
of water over the ship's mastheads, llis Majesty expressed much admiration 
of the excellent gunnery displaj-ed by the crew, and when the target was 
shot away by Patrick D.)yle, Captain of Xo. 13 gun, (11 inch pivjt on spir- 
deck,) his ma!esty desired to see the man, had him brought into his presencj 
and highly complimented him on his excellent shooting, also signified his 
intention of making him a handsome present. To this Admiral Reynolds 
would not consent, stating that, no one in our service from President Grant 
duwn to a messenger-boy, ^^as ever known to take a present. 

The yards were manned and royal salutes fired on liis arrival and 
departure, and on leaving the ship llis Majestj' declared himself highly 
pleased with the various exercises, and paid his entertainers the marked 
compliment of describing a circle around the ship with his entire fleet. 

The Tennesse left the Gulf of Siam for Singapore, sailed from the latter 
port on the 14th of February for Manila, having encountered strong liead 
winds on the passage, called at the Britisii Island of Labuan one of the 
Islands of Borneo, for a supply of coal. 



49 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 



!Bor?ieo . 



Borneo next to Australia is the largest island in the world, is situated 
in the Indian Archipelago, and extends from lat. 7 4' N. to 4 10' S., and 
from long. 108 50' to 119l'0'E. Divided by the equatorial line into two 
portions, nearly equal in surface, though of ditferent shape. Its length is 
about 800 miles, a breath of 700, and an area estimated at 300,000 square 
miles. The population is variously stated, but the probable number is about 
2,500,000. The coasts of Born eo, which are often lew and marshj', and' 
rendered dangerous to navigation by numerous islets and rocks, present no 
deep indentations, though they are pierced by numerous small bays and 
creeks. Of the interior, as yet comparatively little is known. Indeed, with the 
exception of certain not very e xtensive advances inland, made by Dulcli 
and British enterprise from the south and west and north-west, the country 
may be said to be wholly unexplored. Two chains of mountains run through 
the island in a nearly parellel direction, from south-west to north-east; the 
one rising in Sarawak, gradually increases in elevation until it attains in 
its termination in Mount Kini Balu, on the north coast, a height of 13,098 
feet. 

Vegetation is extremely liixurient. Besides vast forests of ironwoud, 
teak, the gutta-percha tree, ebonj-, &c. The animal kingdom rivals the 
vegetable. It produces elephants, rhinoceroses, leopards, bears, tigers, 
buffaloes, various kind of deer, apes, amongst which the erangoutangj are 
verj' numerous. 

The population consists chiefly cf Malays, Dyaks, Fnpus, Chinese, and 
Bugis. The Malays, who form the principal and most civilized part of the 
population on the coats, are very bold, but dangerous from their rapacity 
and passion for revenge. The are partly Mohammedans and parti j' heathens, 
and live, like their countrymen at Malacca, under sultan and lajahs. The 
Dyak>', dwelling more inland than the Malays, are unquestionablj- thu 
aboriginal inhabitants of the island. They are well formed, yellowish in 
color, cruel and wild. They subsist by hunting, fishing, and piracy. Their 
poisoned weapons make them formidable enemies; but'when their favor has 
been won, they prove trustworthy friends. The jirincipal tribe i)f them is 
that 'of the Kaj%an. The Papus or Negritos are probably also aboriginal 
inhabitants; they live in the deepest woods and solitude.^, in caves, and 
upon trees, naked, uncivilised, and feperate from the re.'t cf niai.kir.d. 



LABUAX. 50 



Tictoi'iay Zabtea?i 



Is an island of the Malaj^an Archipelago, situated off the north-weat 
coast of Borneo, comprising an area of 45 square miles, and possessing a 
population of 4,000 inhabitants. It was ceded to Great Britain by the sultan 
of Bruni, in 1847, being at that time unhabited; and a British settlement, 
was established in 1&48, the first Governor being the late Sir James Brooke, 
The island has a fine harbor, and possesses extensive coal resources; but the 
latter have hitherto remained undeveloped, and the annual supplj' of coal 
up to the present has been altogether insignificant. The trade of Labuan, 
consists in collecting the products of the adjacent coast of Borneo and the 
neighboring islands, which are sent on to Singapore for the European and 
China markets. 

On February 22nd, at Labuan, the Tennessee celebrated Washington's 
birthdaj'. Governor Usher, who also act as Consul Gen. for Borneo, while 
assisting us in the celebration, the premature discharge of a gun caused the 
death of a native soldier. A purse of ($222) two hundred and twenty-two 
dollars was subscribed by the officers and crew, and handed to Gov. Usher 
with the following letter from Capt. J. Young: 

U. S. Flagship " Tennessee," 

Victoria harbor, Labum, 

22nd February 1877. 
Dear Sir: 

The officers and crew of this ship have heard with deep 
regret the accident that happened to one of your men while firing a 
National Salute in honor of the birthday of the Father of our Cuuatry, 
George Washington. 

We deeply sympathize with his wife in her affliction, and beg leave to 
ask you to take charge of a small sum of money ($222) to be applied t j 
the aid of the injured man, or his wife, should he die. 
I have &c. 

J. Young, 
Governor Usher, 



51 CRUISE OP TH ETENNESSEE. 

" Mr. Pliinkett to Mr. Seward, 

May 17, 1877, with accompaniments. 
Washington, 

May 17, 1877. 
Sir: 

I have the honor to enclose a copy of a letter which the Foreign 
OfSce has received from the Colonial Office, containing extracts from a 
Despatch, from the Governor of Labuan, relative to the kindly feeling, 
displayed by the officers and crew of the United States ship "Tennessee" on 
the occasion of the occurrence of a sad accident to a private of the Labuan 
Police; and I have been instructed by the Earl of Derby to convey to the 
Government of the United States the expression of the appreciation of Her 
Majesty's Government, of the sympathy shown l)y the " Tenoeasee'.s 
company, on the occasion in question, 

I have the honor to be, with the highest consideration, 

Sir, 

Your obedient servaut, 

F. R. Plunkett, 
The Honorable 

F. W. Seward, 

&c. Szc. &:c. " 



" Extract from a Despatch from Governor Usher to tlie Earl of 
Carnarvon, dated 23rd February 1877. 

I regret to report that in saluting the American fl.ig, on the occasion 
yesterday, of the Birthday of Washington, Private Toviss of the Labuan 
armed Police, while raming home a charge was, either through his own 
carelessness iu not jiro perly sponging his piece, or through that of the man 
serving the vent, blown away from the mouth of the gun, by the premature 
ignition of the charge the deceased recieved such injuries that he died 
within a few hours of the accident. 

I afterwards personally examiueJ the gun, and satisfied myself, that 
the mishap was not owing to anj' defect iu it. 



GOVERNOR USHER'S DESPATCH. 



lu conclusion it is necessary that I should report to j-our lordship the 
munificent conduct of the officers and ship's company of the American 
Flagship " Tennessee." By general subscription amongst officers and ojeu 
S222 were collected for the benefit of the deceased police man, and handed 
to me with the enclosed letter from the Flag Captain. I must scarsely 
observe, that this, to her, a large sum, in addition to a small amount which 
I propose allowing her from Government funds, should place the widow 
out of want, the remainder of her life, and is greatly in t xceess of what I 
should otherwise have considered it necessary to give her. But under the 
circumstances I was unable to decide to accept on her behalf, a charity so 
handsomely and unanimously bestowed." 



53 CRUISE OF THE TENNESSEE. 

The F2y ^ace. 

While the Tennessee was lying in the harbor of Hongkong in Januarj', 
II. B. M. gun-boat " Fly " happened to be in port, having the reputation of 
having a smart boat, the Tennessee's boys in order to make a stir in the 
harbor, challenged them to a six-oared race with our gig. The challenge was 
readily accepted by the " Fly," their boat being a shell built whale-boat felt 
confident of an easy victory. In the meantime the Tennessee left the harbor 
on an elephant hunt to Bang-kok, and the race postponed until our return. 
The Tennessee's gig being a heavy boat it was necessary to pick out a light 
active crew, and as fine a set of men as ever handled an oar was accordingly 
selected and went into practice, every one on board felt confident that if 
the race was lost it would not be the fault of the crew. When the Tennessee 
returned to Hongkong, we found the "Flies" all ready to light on the Yanks 
for a few Mexicans. A few days previous to the race, to the astonishment of 
some of us land lubbers who are not posted in matters of this sort, the crew 
was changed, and instead of the crew who had been practiced for the race, 
and stood the best chance of winning, were substituted by a crew of the 
heaviest men on board, which put the boat down to the gunwales, and left 
no possible chance of success. All this was known previous to the race, our 
boat had already gained the reputation of being "Pride of the East" was 
allowed to be t)eaten by a Britisher, a thing that seldom happens on this, or 
any other station. The race at the start was all one sided, at the word "go " 
ihe "Fly went off like a rocket, rowing a short quick stoke. Our buys 
seeing themselves astern, settled down to a long swinging stroke, but were 
too far astern to regain what they lost at the start, and came in 3 seconds 
behind, amidst great cheering by the Britishers. 

In the evening the gig's crew were invited on board the " Fly" where 
they enjoyed themselves in true British style. " The British sailors rendered 
" Hail Columbia " to the music of a consumptive accordion while the 
Americans roared themselves hoarse in singing '• God Save the Queen!" 
Toasts were drunk to the memory of Shakespeare and General Jackson, and 
the orator of the evening, (our Bow Oar) drew an eloqunt picture of the 
Eagle and Lion, occuping the same tree, and hatching their eggs in the 
game nest! " * 

* It is realy too bad that (our bow oar's) memory could not be 
stretched a handful of years, when he could have drawn a different picture 
of those two loving birds, perched in the rigging of the steamer " Trent " 
watching two Secession eggs, (Mason and Slidell). Those times we ir.dulgcd 
in another kind of boat racing, and no banquets. 



Y('>KOirAMA, JArAX. 64. 



Julii Mh, 1877. 

The celebrtilion of tlie annivoisary of th"^ Declaration of In lependencQ 
in the jwrt of Yokolian.a by iiqiiatic contest?, proved a decided success. 
Thanks I0 the exertions of the crew ot the "Tennnessee," who originated 
the regatta, and ak-^o to'the crews of the competing l)oats. Tlie weather was 
all that could be desired. A light southerly breeze assisted to cool the air, 
without 3'aising a swell, which would have interfered with the rowing. 

The first race was announced to take place at 3 pm., but, owing to the 
non-arrival of the guests on boai-d the Tennessee, it was hiilf an hour late. 
The fun commenced on board with the parade of the crews of the "Light- 
ning Bug"' and "Firefly" catamarans, who, grotesque! jMirrayed in nondes- 
cript costumes, preceded by fife and dr\mi, marched around the decks, and 
then took tlieir posiliou in their craft alongside, where they were joined by 
the "Audacious" competitors, and a ciew from shore, who were observed to 
have a,,ctc;d contrary to the rule on tile pvogramme, in tliat 1 hey brought 
a donky and jinrilcsha on the course. These festive marine maskers contrib- 
uted largely to the amusements of the afternoon, in which they were 
assisteL^,b3' two Boynton dressed shimmers, who piaddled about not unlike 
iiugaiuly turtles. 

Meanwhile the guests arrived, and the boats were placed in position 
in a line between the Tennessee's and Ilaydamak's sterns. From thence the 
course lay round the P. & 0. buoy, across and round the spit biio\% and 
thence home to the flag-boat off the Tennessee's port quarter, a distance of 
one mile and three quarters. 

FIEST RACE— 3.34 P. AI. 

For Single-banked AYhale-boats. First lorize. Fifteen dollars; second prize, 
Ten dollars. Seven boats entered for Ibis event. Shortly after the start, tlije 
Russians got a slight lead, which they increased to one or two lenghts on 
rounding the P. & 0. buoy; and, although they were hard pushed bj- the 
two Tennessee boats, the Ilaydamak's crew won the race, amidst great chee- 
ring, by about ten lengths, the Tennessee's boat gaining second prize. Time 
12 mins. 

SECOND RACE— 4..'). P. M. 

Open to all Government Cutters ami Barges, excepting the Tennessee 's 
cutter-barge ilagic. First prize, Twenty-five dollars; second prize. Fifteen 
dollars: third prize. Ten dollars. Ten boats started for this race, the Italians 
soon taking a decided lead, followed by the Tennessee's two cutters, going 
well, at a very quick stroke. At the P. ic 0. buoy the Italians were collared 
by the Teuuessees, who pushed them hard with but half a length disadvan- 



55 CPvUISE OV TilE TEXXESSRP, 

tage. A foul, lioweTer, occuvrin^ between both the Tennessee's boats enabled 
the Russians, -who were coming up, tp cliallcnge the leading boat. Rounding 
the Spit buoy the Russians had a slight lead, which thej- maintained, closely 
pushed by the Italians and Tennessee's. A splendid race down the oi)€-n water 
between tho Audacious and Tennessee ensued, the Russians winning, with 
the Italians second, and the Tennessee's 4lh cutter third. At the finish, not 
wore than a length and a half lay between each boat. Time, 11 mins, 
SKD RACE— 4.41 P. M. 
0^)611 to rU Xaval Gigs and Galleys. First prize. Fifteen dollars; 2na 
prize, Ten dollars. FoUl' boats entered for this race. After a good start, the- 
English galley, pulling eight cars to their opponents' si.\, took a decidied 
lead, which they increased at every stroke, and a rather run-away race en» 
ded in a win by any number of lengths for the English boat, the Tennessee's 
gig taking second prize from the Japanese. Time 11 ms. 
FGURTII RACE. 
Olien to all Xayal Four-oared Dingeys. One prize. Six dollars. Two boats 
etarted for this sacp, the Yigilant's and Tennessee' s. "When the men had 
warpaed to their work, a slight lead was taken by the Tennessee's boat, ani 
increased to six lengths in rounding the P. k^O. buoy, andto ten lengths 
rouad the Spit Buoy, whence, having the race in hand, they won easily by 
about fifteen lengths. Time, 14 mins. 

The starters for the above races were Messrs. TTixsLOw and Maiisitai,i. 
U. S. S. Tennessee; while Messrs. II. N. Tilastox and S. J. Elde-b officiated 
as judges. 

After the fourth race was over, a race between the life rafts Dauntless- 
and Dreadnought of the Tennessee took place over a course rather tortuous^ 
winding among the larger vegsels of the fleet. It resulted in a win for the 
Dauntless. Prize, five dollars. 

A tub race followed, of three tubs, from tho English vessels, the distan- 
ce being tha length of tho Tennessee. Much amusement was caused by tho 
efforts of their occupants to i)reveut a circular motion in these craft. The- 
winners received a prize of fi v'je dollars. 

Then came a race in Boynton swimming suits, three times round thO' 
Tennessee, and last but not least, the race for the Championship of all Asia 
between the Lightning Bug, Firefly, tvv^^ catamaran from the Audacious, 
the Ligitning Bug securing the prize amidst roars of laughter provoked by 
the antics of their crew, who were composed of tho Teuucsseo' s firemen. 

This brought the day' s proceedings to a close, and many of the guests, 
it-now being.,dusk, sought the shore, .those who remained on board were re^t 
g,aled a!^ a diniier given by the officers and crew on, tire occasion. 



YOKOHAMA. JAi'AX. ivJ 

The aig,lit of the "Glorious r'ourth" was as prointious tn tlio rt'vellers 
SB the day had been: a dark night, with but few stars ^ isible, shusved the 
illumination of the " Tennessee," and pyrotechnical displays to the best 
advantage. The ebb tide assisted in swinging the ship's liead northwest- 
wai'd, th^eby giving a good view to the promenaders on the Bund. By a 
happy mixture of red, white, and blue lanters, tastefully arrann^ed, the ship 
was shown in full outliae, with ports lit up, the Haydamak assistiug by 
illuminating her ports witli white and red tires, which had a vevj- pretty 
effect. At 9 o'clock the Haydamak's winning cutter filled with the men who 
had pulled in the races during the day, and tastefully illuminated with 
lanternes, pulled 8low;iJ7 round the Tennessee, and serenaded tlie officers' add 
crew, with some very well sung airs to a peculiar accompaniment of ^Russian 
instruments of music. They were received with hearty cirear-s. and invited on 
board, where they were entertained to iiieir ' hearts' content, a perfect 
feeling of brotherliood and good will existing among hosts and guests.' Many 
of the crews of the English, French and' Italian vessel, Avere also present 
and the general opinion was that they were having " a real good time." 
About ten o'clock the Russians took their leave amid deafening cheers and-a 
display of blue lights, and soon afterwards the guests sought their ships and 
the fehore, carrying with them a unanimous feeling of satisfaction at having 
enjoyed one of the pleasantest days ever spent in this port. We feel sure 
that all are of the opinion in according to the officers and craw of fthe Ten- 
nessee a hearty vote of thanks, for the kind and gracious 'manner in which 
(while observing our national holidaj') have provided such a treat to the 
commtmity, as j^esterday's "Regatta and the day's festivities proved to be. 



57 CIU'ISK OF THI:: THXXESSEh:. 

MSseellanejus: 

July 28[\) IST;'). AViilter T^ee Maoliiiiist, scaltled by the bursting of 
a steam -pipe* 

Sept. I8tli,. pfreat fiwimmin<T match between Jbbn Cotter, auil Henry 8. 
Heath (alis Harry Gun), the match was postponed in consequence of the 
water being- too rough. 

Oct. 11th, Passed Assistant Engineer Hunt, having been detached from 
the "Tennessee," left the ship for the Unitad jStates. 

Jan. 17tll,. 187,0, half-masted colors, and fired 19 minute guns, in honor 
the late Vice President Henry Wilson. 

Jan. 30th, The Tennessee enters Woosung river,, and in swinging ia 
stuck on a mud bank. The Harbor Master put up a sign "Iveep off the grass?" 

April lath, The U. S. S. "Saco" left Yokohama^for the United States. 

May 1, 1876. -Samuel Sf'kibbon [I. C. B.J fell from tlie mizen-top over- 
hoard, strikiupf the boat davit and broke his leg, was rescued from drown- 
ing by J. P. O'Donnell. This man deserves a Medal'of Honor. 

April 'Joth. The "City of Peking" on leaving Yokohama this morning 
went ashore on a sand bar, off Eubicou Pbint. She is got off without 
sustaining any iujarj-, 

Aug 12, 1877, Klear Admiral Wm. Keynolds, and Lieut. Comd'r. Edwin 
White, left the ship to day, for the U. S. by "City of Peking",. 

Oct 3, 1877. Rear Admiral T.ll. Patterson and Staff, arrived to day in 
the "City of Peking." 

Dec. 4th, the "Tennessee" left Yoliohama, Japan, for home. 

Feb. 22, 1878, Hong Kong, China. Washington's Birthday was celebrated 
to day in a very appropiate manner. All the shipping in the harbor was 
dressed with. biiijting, a National Salute fired by, the Tennessee, Monocacj^ 
H. 13, M. "Audacious," and guard-ship "Victor Emanuel." In the afternoon 
there was a boat racs.bptween the Tennessee's barge "Magic," and Monocacy's 
cutter " Shooting Star." Distance 3 miles, with one turn, for .'SO dollars aside. 
At the start, one of the bow-oars of the "Magic" was broken, she went over 
the course witli,13 oars, and won theira^e by four seconds. 

Feb. 28, 1878. Death of Henry Long Fireman, — hurried in " Happy 
Valley." The crew of the Tennessee, subscribes a sum of money for the pur- 
pose of erecting a monument over his grave. 

March 2nd 1878, Rear Admiral Patterson, transferred his flag to U. S. S 
Monocacy, anfi tl\e "home-ward bound pennant" is broke on the Tennessee, 
and weighs anchor for the United States. 

March 13th, death of Michael Shaughnessy, [Marine].— buried at sea. 

March 15th, death of Fredrick A. Crowley Ord. Seaman,— hurried at sea. 

April 15th left Aden, Arabia, for Suez, Egipt. Our home-ward bound 
passage through the Red Sea, contrary to our expectations, was one of the . 
most pleasant during the cruise. 



illSCELLANEOUS. S8 

On the evening of the •21,«t, sitrhted " Mount Sinai," ou the snmrait of 
which the law containing the " Ten Commandments," was given by God 
himself to ]\[oses, amid the thuuderings and lightnings and quaking of the 
Mount. 

IS'ear Suez, in the midst a sand desert, marked by a cluster of trees, ia 
" Moses Well." 

April 2Gth, 1878. arrived at Port Said, Egypt. Tliis place has greatly 
improved in appearance, since our first visit, several large buildings have 
been erected, and other improvements can be noticed. 

Al^exandria, Egypt 

April '27lh, arrived at Alexandria. This city was founded by Alexander 
the Great. Its population once amounted to 00l'),000. The celebrated Pharos, 
or light-house, stand on a small island near the city. It was once accounted 
one of the wonders of the world. Cano'pus, near Alexandria, was noted for 
a temple of Sera'pis, close to it Xicop'ohs, built by Augustus in honor of his 
victory over Anthonj-; and in sight of this j^lace, 1800 years afterwards, the 
battle of the "Nile" was fought[.between the English and the French. 

Among the other attractions of Alexandria, are the Kedive's palace and 
Harem, Pompeii's Pillar, Cleopatra's Xeedle, all relics of former days. 

JS'aples, Italy. 

May .5th, arrived in the Bay of Xaples, said to'be the finest in the 
world. The city built on the side of a circular range of hills, present a 
very beautiful and picturesque appearance. The chief attractionsyhere are: 
■Mount Vesuvius, of the most. active volcano's in the world, can be seen 
throwing ijp flames of fire and lava. Herculaneum and Pompeii, cities 
which lay at the base of the mountain, were both overwhelmed by an erup- 
tion of ashes and lava, a. d. 70. These cities remained unknown for more 
than sixteen centuries, but was at lenght discovered, Herculaneum in 1713, 
and Pompeii in I7.'i0; the latter has been nearly all uncovered, and travellers 
may now walk through a great portion of this ancient' to wn. It exhibits the 
full picture of what a Roman city was, habitations, temples, baths, the 
shops of the different trades, ,the implements they used, and even the mater- 
ial on which they Avere employed. 

The King's Palace, Theatre St. Carlos, Xational Museum, St. Elmo 
Fortress and l\fuseum, all of which well repay a visit. 



59 YILLE ?RAXCIIE, FRANCE. 



Yille Franche. 

Maj" lUli, arrived at Ville Franche, a small village in llie south of 
France, it is the rendezvous for the American fleet on the European Station. 
A large naval stc re -bouse has been built by the U. S. government, for the 
purpose of supplying the vessels on this station with provisions naval 
stores ,&c. About three miles from Ville Franche, whicli you can reach by 
carriage or rail, is the city Nice, a fasTiionable waterinsf place for the 
European Aristocrucj'. The road which lead over a steep hill, which is 
studded with handsome villas surrountled bj' beautiful flower gardens, the 
perfume of whichs is so delightful and pleasant. 

The ship's companj' get leave of abdence for twentj-four hours, and, 
after spending three years among the heathejQS of China and Jajjan, it 
is not surprising that th.e crew of the Tennessee became so intoxicated with 
the beauties of "La Belle France," that they remained on shore several days 
after tlieir liberty had expired, and in consequence, rewards to the amount 
of 2,500 francs were paid to the police authorities for tlieir delivery on board, 
even then, it was not until within an hour of our sailing that all bands was~ 
veported on board. 

Dui ing our visit at this port, there was a boat race between the barge 
and gig of the "Tennessee^" and the barge and gig of the U. S. Flag-ship 
'"Trenton," in which the ''Tennossee" was beaten in both races. 

The crew of the ''Ma^iic" presfsnt the "Trenton's" crew with a set of 
racing sweeps and champion nag. 

The Tennessee visited Gibraltar, and Funchal, Maderia, where we spent 
a few days :it each port, and the good ship Tennessee is headed for Colum- 
l)ia's ,-hore, and is now Jjoundijig ov,;.- the blue'water of the Atlantic, proud- 
ly flying at her mast head the home-ward bound pennant .525 feet long, the 
longest ever flew in the world, where we expect to arrive in time to again 
celebrate the anniversary of Anitrican Independence, July 4th, 1878. 



ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES. 



6a 



Forts Yi<iited hy the ''Tennessee*' 



P«>RTS YlSLTlCOi 



New York to ^iibraltar, Spain 

Gibraltar, to Palermo, Sicily ' 

Palermo to Port Said,. Egypt 

Port Said to Suez, Egypt i' 

Suez to Adeu, Arabia 

Aden to Bombay,. Iliadoostaa 

Bombay to Colombo, Ceylon 

Colombo to Penaug,. Malacca 

Penang to Singapore,. ,r ' 

Singapore to Manilla, Philippins Islands 

JIauilla to Aiaoy, China ' ' 

Amoy to AVoo.?ung Bar, „ 

AVoosuug Bar to Nagasaki, Japan 

Xaga.«aki to Shanghai, China 
Shanghai to Yokohama, Japan 
Yokohama to Y'okoska, and back, Japan 
Yokohama to Hiogo and back, „ 

Y'okohama to Hakodate „ „ 

Yokohama to Hiogo, „ 

lliogo to ShimiuO!<eki, ., 

Shiminoj^eki to Nagasaki, „ 

Nagasaki to Cliefoo, China 
Chefoo to Newchwang, „ 
Newchwang to Taku, „ 
Taku to Cliefoo, „ 

Chefoo to Hiogo, * ^apan 

Hiogo to Yokohtima. ,, 

Y'okohama io Hongkong, China 



Hongkong to Bangkok, Siani 
Bangkok to Singapore, ilalacca 
Singajiore to Victoria, Labuan 
Victoria to ^Manilla, Philippine Islands 
Manilla to Hongkong. China 
Hongkong to Yokohama, .Ijapaip 
Yokohama to Hakodate, „ 
Hakodate to Y'okohanui, „' 
Yokohama to Hiogo, ^ 

Hiogo to Nagasaki, „ 

Nagasaki to Woosung, China 
AVoosimg to Sha^hai, „ 

Shanghai to Woosung, „ 

Woosuug to Amoy, ,, 

Amoy to Hongkong, „ 

Hongkong to Singapore. Mailacca 



Dep't. 


Arr-v'd. 
July 1.3, 


D'STNCK 


Jane 26, 


^Miles. 


• 1875. 


1875..' 


3,250. 


July 28, 


Aug. 2,' 


9jl4. 


Aug. 8, 


„ 12, 


950. 


'„' ■ 14, 


., 1'), 


86. 


„ 21, 


„ 26, 


1,308. 


•,, 28, 


Sept. 4, 


1,646. 


Sept. 11, 


' „ l'>, 


941. 


• „ 21, 


V 2»>, 


1.288, 


„ 30, 


Oct. 2, 


3G4, 


Oct. 12, 


» 18, 


1,389. 


V 21, 


„ 27;-. 


683. 


Nov. 3, 


Nov. 6, 


565. 


„ 24, 


■ „ 26, 


■i47. 


Jan. 'Jl, 


Jan. 30, 


■->/ 


1876 


; 187G. 


459. 


Jfar. 30, 


' April 5, 


1,058. 


April 17, 


: „ 27, 


37. 


June '), 


: Jalv 8, 


696. 


July 'J^K 


Aug. 21, 


1,078, 


Sept. 9, 


' Sept. 11, 


348. 


„ 11, 


. „ 12, 


238. 


„ 13, 


i „ 14, 


140. 


„ 19^, 


1 22 


688. 


„ 2^5, 


M 24, 


157. 


„ 20, 


,. 29. 


145. 


Oct. 17, 


Oct. 18, 


203. 


„ 20, 


,. „-^. 


891. 


„ 28, 


., 30, 


.348, 


Dec. 17, 


Dec. 28. 


1,680, 


Jan. 4, 


Jan. 11, 




1877 


1877. 


1.4,50. 


' „ '31, 


i Eeb. 4, 


807. 


, Feb. 14, 


'- „ 19, 


870. 


„ 2.3, 


„ 26, 


750- 


i ;,. 28, 


1 JIar. 3, 


603. 


1 April 3, 


1 April r2. 


1,680. 


• §ept. 23; 


1 Oct. 2, 


539. 


; ,. 29, 


' Nov. 4, 


539. 


1 Dec. 4, 


' Dec. 6. 


348. 


t ,, 9, 


„ 10, 


390. 


; !! i»! 


, 19, 


390; 


1 V 19, 


: ,', 20, 


\T^. 


'.Jan. H, 


1 Jan. 6, 


15. 


• 1878 


1878.' 




' „ 7, 


„ 20, 


600. 


i ,. li>, 


„ 21, 


280- 


1 :^Iar. 2, 


Iklar. 13, 


1,470. 



en 



CliUISE UF Till:: TE.WNESStE. 



Forts yUited by the "Tennessee," 



P<jiiT6 Visited. 



Singapore to Penang, „ 
Penang to Colombo, Cej-lon 
Colombo to Aden, Arabia 
Aden to Suez, ^^gj'pt 

Suez to Port S^iitl, „ 

Port Said to Alexandria, „ 
Alexandria to Naples, Italj- 
Naples to Villa Frauclie, France 
Ville Frauclie to Gibraltar, Spain 
Gibraltar to Fi;melial, Maderia 
Funchal to New ^ork, U. S. 



Dep't, 


Arrv'd. 


Mar. 14, 


„ 16, 


. 19, 

„ 30, 

April 15, 

• „ 23, 


„ 2?7, 
April 1-8, 

9-7 

„ 26, 


.„ 2G, 


„ 27, 


29, 
•:Mav K), 

■ »" 18,1 


Maj'^ 5, 
„ 11, 

f)0 


„ -i^l 


., 30, 


June •'' i, 





D'STXQE 



364. 

1,300. 

2,200. 

1.308. 

86. 

160. 
1,000 

380. 

775. 

610. 
3.850. 



Total mimber of miles Travelled by the 'Tennessee" 



44,7f 




LIST OF OlTICl^R'.-. 



^2 



The fotldwiii^- is tlie 'list of (i)jf£cers attac]iefi to ar^d peeving on bpai-d 
tlie U. S. Flagship "T^apes^ee," at the time of her arri'^al at New York July 
— , 1878. 

liistdfOflloers. 



Xame, 



Eank, 



J. younc: 

W. H. I5l•^^vnsoa 

F. Haufdid 

H. B. Mansfield 

E. \V. Kemev 
■\\'. H. Everett 
J. P. J. Aiioriir 
W. A. j\[arslmll 
<!. A. Foster 

J. S. Abbott 

F. AV. Xabor 
i\. AV. Melville 
J. C. Kafer 

E. F. ]\l'Eliiie]l 
.7. H. Ferry 
J. A. .Smith 

B. S. Mackie 

C. H. 11. Hall 
E. C'olluni 

J. II. Sears 
O. J. Boiish 

E. M. Ivat/. 

A. E. .Tardiue 
F- H. Shermaa 
L- "W. Piepmeyer 
AV. Ij. A'arnum 
II. T. Mayo 

B. Tappan 

J. T. Newton 
AV. C. Putnam 

F. C. Adams 
E. H. Paine 
II. P. Grace 

E. A. M'Donald 

G. AV. Connover 
G. AV. Frajfkland 



Captaiu, Commanding:. 
LieuteHaut^^ Ex. Officer. 
„ Navigator. 



Master 



Chit'f Engineer. 

y. A. „ 

'Ass't. 

.Paymaster, 

'P. A, Sm-geon. 

'Ass't 

Capt." U. S.'m. C. 

■"Alidshipman. 



"Captain's Cleit. 
Paymaster's ,, 

"Boatswain. 
Ounner. 

Carpentel'. 
"Sailmak^r, 



03 



mjUISE OF TITK TENNESSEE. 



The followiug is the list of the crew attaclied to and serving on board 

the U. S. Flagship "Tennessee," at the time of her arrival at New York, July 

, 1S78, including a draft of invalids and others, from the European Fleet. 

AfrpmfP pmy.pfnpw^' 



Richmond S. 'Davis 
Oeorge R. AVillis 
Robert Steene 
Thomas Gleunon 
<austave Futterer 



Mastor at Arm?. 
Ship's Yeoman. 
Engineer's „ 
Paymaster's „ 
ApotliOcary. 



T'ApmWJ? 



William IT. Troutnjan 
William Ilolland 
Walter Lee 
Heurv C. Hume 



Thomas Euscombe 
Dennis O'Mara 
William Lane 
John C. M'Gnigan 



rmi 'PTT)p?^p' 



Artlvnr A. Woods 
Thomas Clarke 
James Mooney 
Francis M'Carteu 
J. H. Templeman 
John Foster 
Richard Osborn<^ 
Charles J. Cox 
William Clarke 
John Poole 
Edward Langdou 
Patrick Doyle 
PatricJc Hurl eh ey 
William Fredricksoii 
wTolin Ef'slie 
Frank W. 'Bi'owu 
Eugene Thurston 
John Reynolds 
Edward Fogarty 
Samuel Erickson 
Jficliael >Voodfs 



"William Sutton 
'Frank (iillespie 

H. W. Seaman 

J. P. Van Meudonck 

Thomas Harvey 

.Tiunes Ivelly 

John King 

Oieorge W. Jones 

Richard Maxwell 

Charles Carroll 

James Caiu 

James (Jlpaf-nn 

Willinm ll.'^<ing 

John Chnvipel 

Robert Pattisou 

William 15 ray 

James Stewart 

Charles Williams 

Richaid Scott 

Jan:eri O. House • 

Frank Pourhioe 



SEAi[EX. 



64 



William Darby 
Thomas irCaitlij' 
John V. Fawcett 
Willinm A. Pratt 
Michael Walsh 
James Tinuey 



Cliai-les .\r. Smith 
Jdlin C;iiiiiiil)(<ll 
James C. liKbinson 
Patick DoluMty 
Julm Williams 



nAi^ff- 



Charles Biinkerhoff 
Thomas Harms 
AVilliam J. Duncan 
Mayakwa Minetara 
Jolm E. Bell 
William ^M'Farlaud 
John Doherty 
John K. AViison 
William A. Aiey 
Kobert Andrews 
Georne Crouiu 
Henry Cailer 
Thoma? Dyer 
Joseph Holmes 
Charles Fields 
Patrick Fitzgerald 
David Fleming 
Jftmes liigalls 
John Johnson 
Herman Johnson 
Edward Jackson 
Charles J. Meyers 
Tvobert Kenchington 
William Smilh 
John Anderson 
Thomas Powell 
l-'raiik Riley 
John AV. Anderson 
Jolm Farwell 
Jolm Brittney 
.lames Kowau 
John Rowley 
Philip Moore 
Henry Smith 
Jiihn K. SuUivaa 
Charles Smith 
John Thompson 
Thomas ^lalcolm 
John B. ilitchell 
'^liarles IT. AVooley 
Claries AA'illiams 



Charles ;Ahl 
■/William Butlar 
William E.-ice 
Ahmzo Cr<iss 
William H. Cosgroya 
Natiri (wrllsou 
« George R. Baker 
SEdward J. Carroll 
John Barry 
'J.iseph Ciaids 
Jeiemiah Creamer 
Robert Kelly 
Henry Jones 
Michael Collins 
Fredrick Danitz 
John Long 
8(ewavd JI'Mulli'iiis 
Carl .Midler 
ll)a.«iel M'Gouagle 
Charles Pieiilow 
']\Iicliael M'Glade 
'John Xeill 
Gustat Smith 
Cliarles G. Smith 
Edward Warren 
Jeremiah Jlurpiiy 
Jolm Ahderson 
Baptist Charles 
William Linden:>fr.n 
Patrick Regan 
'James E. Donahoe 
Geoi'ge H. -iviaemer 
Charles IT. Nichols 
Frank Smith 
John JM'Keon 
Samuel Reading 
.Uohn Lyons 
Peter .Xelson 
W'illiam Brown 
■William .iJohnsodi 



^5 



CEUISE OF THE TEN.NESSKE. 



P'f p. Fp/Z^ff', ^hfi-VP?]^W V. 



William Asli croft 
Henci^k Booland 
Dauiel Bowen 
Chaijles Reek man 
AVilliam Ciistello 
Thoiiia.s t'oleuian 
J, Ct. L. Castelaine 
Daniel Ciowley 
Edwanl Davi^ 
John Dolierty 
James J. Euston 
Christoplipv Kinsloj' 
John Lickfield 
William O'Donnell 
John r. O'Uonnell 
James S. T*eacock 
William T. I'roudfoot 
William ixasniiUS 
Richanl IJiley 
ilathew lleilley 
Ed\vi>rd C. Gojf 
J*^iigche Sullivan 
^ames j\r(jluire 
William J>avidson 
Efhyavd Woods 
AVilliam C. Pennin^pttoi^ 
William T. Simoji 
Charles Sinclair 
Edwin IT. I5u8h 
(leorp^e Si)eckmaB 
Michael Sullivan 
J. A. Samuelson 
J(dm JrCarteny 
flifl^th y\. Ccqper 

Jame? TV I'ng 
Hugh Thrown 
Edward r.rennoii 
August Buman 
Ilei^ry Church 
Jolin Co tier 
John 1*>. Doyle 
Jeremiah DviscoU 
Arnold Ivilz 
Ai.drew J. Earrell 
Ciiarles L. I'^railey 
Bart^ett Gelanc^ 
John M'Lelland 
(iodirey I^odge 
p. N. Thomjisou 
Thomas Clarke. 
Lucius P. I'acon 
Eranz Schmidt 
\Villiam JJ. QorcorJ^n, 



James I'Jliott 
Arthur B. Friend 
»fi).seph Frank 
(leorge Grieves 
Jolin Grant 
J ■liii (iraliam 
Williaui Goodman 
Henry S. Heath 
John P. Johnson 
Ccdeman Flaherty 
Fritz Jacobs 
^Eicha"! Sweeney 
George E. Davis 
Willia-ti C. Towen 
Frank B. AVhitinau 
John J. AValion 
James Wii.son 
Dauiel Lymis 
Samuel M'Kib'ion 
Thomas J- JM'Corniack 
William Murphy 
^ohu Uauiels 
l''rancis P. Wrycou 
l"'er(Unand Sieeve 
Michael Duuu 
William If. Dobbs 
Timothy M'Xaraara 
Antonio Munoz 
Charles P. Phillips 
J(din Joyce 
William Hampton 
Albert J. Kennedy 
Daniel Maher 
Jacob 0. Thompson 

John Griffiu 
JVfartin Howley 
Itobert H. Hatch 
Charles Hubbard 
AV^illiam Harrison 
Albert Herzberger 
James Keeuan 
John J. Leary 
Patrick Meers 
AVilliaui H. Marsh 
Jauu s -Murphy 
Henry Snedicor 
Thomas Danvin 
Cliarles C'ostello 
Eugene D. Sullivan 
Nelson Homes 
(leorge W. White 
Jacob Weborg 



ORDINARY SEAME.X, LANDSMEN &c. 



«6 



Frank Mnllifrnj^ 
Tonence .M' Sweeny 
Lewis (iales 
fieorge FliillijOiS 
rVaak Leslie 
Cliarjes SuboVJ 
E(lf:[av Fi-ay,i*»i* 
Harry Jaf^soH 
Axal ^'aiuuii.-^linni- 
riarence J. Tnblw 
William Edwards. 
Austin Davis 
J. B. Norwood 
Jessie Lippey 
Thomas Parker 
Claude Du (Juoin 
J. W. Cromwell 
William llnllinprs^orth, 
William Sheppard 



Charles Dnhertj- 
James Ci>nnt>r 
I'eter Farrell 
.lames !M'Cormack 
Solomon W. Bowdy 
Albert Bossing 
James Butler 
John Bates 
Patrick Cronin 
James Moore 
John ilooney 
James Roache 
Jose[)li Travers 
John B. Stephens 
Jeremiah Shea 
Christian Ohristianaen, 
Thomas Q. Karr 
Richard Bennett 
Patrick CirroUl 
James Cras>>en 
William IL Frazier 
John E. Gallagher 
Robert Hughes 
l^aniel Handly 
John Kane 
John O'Neil 
John Carlson 
John AVilsoii, 



John Campbell' 
11. C. Ellis 
James Flemming- 
W. A. Andersoii 
Henry T. Carsoij 
J. M. Beam 
Thomas i|ell 
Owen Brennen 
Wjlliam U. Bennett! 
"Wiilliam Little '■ 
AVilliam F. WiatWoa 
Jj H. Wifvysoii 
Rosely T. Holt 
B; Muraoka 
"!ftosuke Mosulfia. 
Hudaon Phillips 
David i^unford 
James Long 



rm/^m 



William Murray 
Patrick Phillips 
Edward Quirk 
William Riley 
William Rankin 
William Taylor' 
John Tobin 
Frank B. Frost 
Thomas White 
Robert M'Kenzie 
Jiohn F.. M'Adajiif^ 
Edward Irving 
Thomas H, Simrapr^g 
Jiohn Sharpe 
Edward Toomej' 
Peter >felvey 
Williaui "\4(arwifk 
Williiiiu C. G; llTie^pE 
J[»hn F; Mjarifuil 
(ieorge X'aell 
John Wilson 
Julius .lenseiji 
Peter Hess 
Franci? Connolly 
John AYalsh 
Patrick M'Donnaldi 
Ezia L. Mea.d 
Miles ^^arel. 



67 



CRUISE OF TIIK THXXKSSK-H 



j^^m??- 



Frank Xeiderreutlier Ord. Serpit 



James Ray 
George R^nsell 
Frank C. Xcipiuan 
Conieilus AVlielton 
Jolin A. Casey 
Henry Landg^rebe 
James Dougliertj^ 
John A. Scrivener 
Irvine N. Wharton 
Henry Bender 
Michael Brady 
James B. Colt 
John Carl in 
Thomas Daniels 
James K. Dawson 
^Maurice Desmond 
Francis .1. Dciseurott 
Henry Fisher 
Richard Finnegan 



Sergt. 



Corpoi;al 



Drummea' 

J''ifer 

Private 



Thomas Xiaskin 
riiillip Hoyle 
Edwai'd Ivensett, 
William H. Knight 
Thomas l^andy 
John Lee 
Robert liamar 
Frank Morau 
Patrick ^Muvfihy 
Thomas M'Nally 
Daniel :\f'CIellan 
Hugh Jl'Cdurt 
John O'Leary 
(■harles Jones 
Josei^h E. Randolph 
William \V. Smith 
Frank Sfeinhouse 
Frodevick Shelp 
Charles B. Walsh 
Joseph Voung 



Prrvat« 



MnpjA^p- 



Joakin ^loyrelles Leader 
William C. Fgan 
John Stei)hen 
John Fitch 
James (ilenny 
Thornhill Percival 
Frederick Fronfeldt 
AVilliam C B. Erdman 
John Johnson 
Leopold jMoseleiu 



Otto Peterson 
John iieinhartlt 
Augustine Audiberti 
Achille Jedesclve 
Domenico Zito 
Giacomo Rinaldi 
Errico Forti 
Giussippe Allessio 
Kugene Millo 
John KoUmer 



THE TENXF-SSKE'S rKlXTlXG ITvESS. 68 



TV? mn?i^^? Tj^pFPPP/^ 



Wheu the Tennessee visited Ville Franclie. Reiir Admiral l-e K:iy, then 
Commaudius U. S. Xiival Force on the European Station, paid a visit to the 
"Tennessee," on, going aronnd inspecting the ^hip asked to Iw shown to the 
Printing Office, he said his ship the "Trenton" was fi ted out with all the 
modern inventions, Roache's compound treble back-acting engines, Convert- 
ed rifles, fired by electricity, patent gun-carriages, steam steering apparatus 
&c., and I'egretted to say that they were at least a Century behind the age in 
in a Printing Press, but had been told that the "Tennessee" had a "lightning 
press"' on board, and asked to see it. He was shown to the printing office 
where he was received bj- the. "printer's devil" whom he recognized as one 
of the party who went to his assistance one morning he was caught napp, 
ing on the blockade, when he Coninianded the ''Keystone State" off Charles- 
ton, S. C. on the morning of the 31st, of January 1863, when attacked by 
the Confederate ram "Palmetto State," and knocked into a cocked hat, when 
he headed sea-ward like a crab with one wheel out of water. The Admiral 
like all other naval officers give very little credit to the "blue-jaekets" who 
have stood bj^ their guns in time of need,, and elevating his eye-glass the 
same pair he wore when attacked b}' the rain, as was seen to be minus one 
of the glasses, demanded to seethe "lightning press," when the "devil" 
pointed to something resenibliog a Nut Cracker which stood in a dark corner 
on the berth-deck, he laughed heartily when shown a copy of the Cruise of 
the Tennessee then on the press, and immediatelyilgaiYe orders to have the 
whole business sent on board the •^Treiaton'^ which was accordingly done, 
notwithstanding the protest of the "devil" who said he intended to have the 
piratical act investigated. Consequently' I am compelled to bring this little 
book to ,{i cluijc. 

In consideration of :the great disadvantages in which this little work 
lias been printed, the reader is requesled to oY«?r-look several typograhical 
errors,as it has been got up merely for the purpose of breaking the monotony 
of this t,e.dlo,iis cruise. 

Very Respectfully 

Vours ^c, 

r. M'Carten. 



t» CRUISE OF THE TENNESSBB, 



7W ph?~ mmw m??f 

A song to the Press, the Tennessee's Press! 

Of the good old-fashioned kind, 
Ere the giant machine, with its pulse of stesa^ 

Elbows it out of mind. 

In the days of yore 

Our fathers hoar 

By his sturdy limbs have wrought 

Of irorj or oaV, 

His teachings spoke. 

The language of burning thought. 

A song to the Press, the Tennessee's Presst 

As the carriage rolls merrily along, 
His old sides groan, as the bar pulls home,. 

Keeping time to the pressman's song 

And the crisp, wet sheet 

On its errand fleet 
By. anxious hands is sped 

Though oft elsewhere 

It may sorrow bear. 
It brings the printer (10 ounces) of bread. 



1^. S, S. "Tennessee," 

July 5„ 1878. 



.E D 18 



